Iyini i-NACS Connector yesiteshi sokushaja esitsha seTesla?

Iyini i-NACS Connector yesiteshi sokushaja esitsha seTesla?

NgoJuni 2023, abakwaFord nabakwa-GM bamemezele ukuthi bazosuka ku-Combined Charging System (CCS) baye kuzixhumi ze-Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS) kuma-EV abo azayo. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga kamuva iMercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, neVolvo nabo bamemezele ukuthi bazokweseka izinga le-NACS lezimoto zabo zase-US eminyakeni ezayo. Ukushintshela ku-NACS kusuka ku-CCS kubonakala kuxakile ukushaja kwemoto kagesi (EV), kodwa kuyithuba elihle kubakhiqizi beshaja nabaqhubi bephoyinti lokushaja (ama-CPO). Nge-NACS, ama-CPO azokwazi ukushaja ama-Tesla EV angaphezu kwesigidi esingu-1.3 emgwaqeni wase-US.

Yini i-NACS?
I-NACS iyindinganiso yokushaja esheshayo ye-Tesla yangaphambilini (DC) yokushaja esheshayo—eyayaziwa nje ngokuthi “Isixhumi sokushaja se-Tesla.” Isetshenziswe nezimoto ze-Tesla kusukela ngo-2012 futhi umklamo wesixhumi watholakala kwabanye abakhiqizi ngo-2022. Yakhelwe ukwakhiwa kwebhethri ye-Tesla engu-400-volt futhi incane kakhulu kunezinye izixhumi zokushaja okusheshayo ze-DC. Isixhumi se-NACS sisetshenziswa namashaja amakhulu e-Tesla, okwamanje ashaja ngenani elifinyelela ku-250kW.

Iyini i-Tesla Magic Dock?
I-Magic Dock iyingxenye yeshaja ye-Tesla ye-NACS kuya ku-adaptha ye-CCS1. Cishe amaphesenti angu-10 amashaja e-Tesla e-US afakwe i-Magic Dock, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe i-adaptha ye-CCS1 lapho beshaja. Abashayeli be-EV badinga ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Tesla kumafoni abo ukuze bashaje ama-EV abo ngamashaja e-Tesla, ngisho nalapho besebenzisa i-adaptha ye-Magic Dock CCS1. Nansi ividiyo ye-Magic Dock esebenzayo.

Iyini i-CCS1/2?
Izinga le-CCS (Isistimu Yokushaja Ehlanganisiwe) ladalwa ngo-2011 njengokusebenzelana phakathi kwabakhi bezimoto base-US nabamaJalimane. Izinga liqondiswa yi-CharIn, iqembu labakhi bezimoto nabaphakeli. I-CCS iqukethe kokubili izixhumi ezishintshayo zamanje (AC) ne-DC. I-GM yaba ngumkhiqizi wezimoto wokuqala ukusebenzisa i-CCS emotweni yokukhiqiza-i-Chevy Spark ka-2014. EMelika, isixhumi se-CCS sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “CCS1.”

I-CCS2 nayo yadalwa yi-CharIn, kodwa isetshenziswa kakhulukazi eYurophu. Ingusayizi nokuma okukhudlwana kune-CCS1 ukuze kungene igridi yamandla ye-AC yezigaba ezintathu zase-Europe. Amagridi kagesi ezigaba ezintathu ze-AC aphatha amandla amaningi kunamagridi esigaba esisodwa avamile e-US, kodwa asebenzisa izintambo ezintathu noma ezine esikhundleni sezimbili.

Zombili i-CCS1 ne-CCS2 zenzelwe ukusebenza ngezakhiwo zebhethri elingu-800v nesivinini sokushaja esifika nangaphezulu kuka-350kW.

Kuthiwani ngeCHAdeMO?
I-CHAdeMO ingelinye izinga lokushaja, elasungulwa ngo-2010 yiNhlangano ye-CHAdeMo, ukubambisana phakathi kwe-Tokyo Electric Power Company kanye nabakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu abahlanu baseJapane. Igama liyisifinyezo se-“CHArge de MOve” (okuhunyushwa inhlangano ngokuthi “inkokhelo yokuthutha”) futhi lisuselwa egameni lesiJapane elithi “o CHA deMO ikaga desuka,” elihunyushwa ngokuthi “Kunjani ngenkomishi yetiye?” ebhekisela esikhathini esizosithatha ukushaja imoto. I-CHAdeMO ivamise ukulinganiselwa ku-50kW, kodwa ezinye izinhlelo zokushaja zinamandla angu-125kW.

I-Nissan Leaf iyi-EV ehlome kakhulu i-CHAdeMO e-US. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2020, abakwaNissan bamemezele ukuthi bazothuthela ku-CCS nge-Ariya crossover SUV yabo entsha futhi bazoyiyeka iLeaf esikhathini esithile cishe ngo-2026. Kusenezinkulungwane eziyishumi zama-Leaf EV emgwaqeni futhi amashaja amaningi asheshayo e-DC asazogcina izixhumi ze-CHAdeMO.

Kusho ukuthini konke?
Abakhiqizi bezimoto abakhetha i-NACS bazoba nomthelela omkhulu embonini yokushaja kwe-EV esikhathini esifushane. Ngokusho kwe-US Department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, cishe kunezindawo zokushaja ze-Tesla eziyi-1,800 e-US uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zokushaja ezingaba ngu-5,200 CCS1. Kepha cishe kunamachweba wokushaja weTesla angama-20,000 uma kuqhathaniswa namachweba angaba ngu-10,000 CCS1.

Uma opharetha bephoyinti lokushaja befuna ukuhlinzeka ngokushaja kwama-Ford amasha nama-GM EVs, kuzodingeka baguqule ezinye zezixhumi zabo zeshaja ye-CCS1 zibe i-NACS. Amashaja asheshayo e-DC afana ne-Tritium's PKM150 azokwazi ukwamukela izixhumi ze-NACS maduze nje.

Ezinye izifundazwe zase-US, njenge-Texas ne-Washington, zenze isiphakamiso sokuthi kudinge iziteshi zokushaja ezixhaswe ngemali ye-National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) ukuze kufakwe izixhumi eziningi ze-NACS. Uhlelo lwethu lokushaja olusheshayo oluthobela i-NEVI lungakwazi ukufaka izixhumi ze-NACS. Inamashaja amane e-PKM150, akwazi ukuletha u-150kW kuma-EV amane ngesikhathi esisodwa. Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kuzokwaziwa ukuhlomisa ishaja ngayinye ye-PKM150 ngesixhumi esisodwa se-CCS1 nesixhumi esisodwa se-NACS.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana namashaja ethu nokuthi angasebenza kanjani nezixhumi ze-NACS, xhumana nomunye wochwepheshe bethu namuhla.

Ithuba le-NACS
Uma abaqhubi bephoyinti lokushaja befuna ukuhlinzeka ngokushaja ama-Ford amaningi azayo, i-GM, i-Mercedes-Benz, i-Polestar, i-Rivian, i-Volvo, futhi mhlawumbe namanye ama-EV afakwe izixhumi ze-NACS, kuzodingeka babuyekeze amashaja abo akhona. Kuye ngokucushwa kweshaja, ukwengeza isixhumi se-NACS kungase kube lula njengokushintsha ikhebula nokubuyekeza isofthiwe yeshaja. Futhi uma bengeza i-NACS, bazokwazi ukushaja cishe ama-Tesla EV ayizigidi ezingu-1.3 emgwaqeni.