Kuyini ukushaja kwe-Bidirectional?

Ngama-EV amaningi, ugesi uhamba ngendlela eyodwa — usuka eshaja, odongeni noma komunye umthombo wamandla uye ebhethrini. Kunezindleko ezisobala kumsebenzisi zikagesi futhi, ngaphezu kwesigamu sakho konke ukuthengiswa kwezimoto okulindeleke ukuba kube ama-EV ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka, umthwalo okhulayo kumagridi kagesi asevele ekhokhiswe intela enkulu.

Ukushaja izinhlangothi ezimbili kukuvumela ukuthi uhambise amandla ngenye indlela, ukusuka kubhethri uye kokuthile okungesona idrayivu yemoto. Ngesikhathi sokucima, i-EV exhunywe kahle ingathumela ugesi endlini noma ebhizinisini futhi igcine ugesi uvuliwe izinsuku ezimbalwa, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-car-to-home (V2H) noma i-car-to-building (V2B).

Ngokufisa okukhulu, i-EV yakho ingase futhi inikeze amandla kunethiwekhi lapho isidingo siphezulu - ake sithi, phakathi negagasi lokushisa lapho wonke umuntu esebenzisa ama-air conditioner akhe - futhi ugweme ukungazinzi noma ukucisha. Lokho kwaziwa nge-car-to-grid (V2G).

Uma kubhekwa ukuthi izimoto eziningi zihlala zimile isikhathi esingu-95%, kuyisu elilingayo.

Kodwa ukuba nemoto enekhono lokuqondisa kabili kuyingxenye ye-equation. Udinga futhi ishaja ekhethekile evumela amandla ukuthi ahambe nhlangothi zombili. Lokho sikubone ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo: NgoJuni, i-dcbel ezinze eMontreal yamemezela ukuthi i-r16 Home Energy Station yayo isibe yishaja ye-EV yokuqala eqondiswa kabili egunyazwe ukuthi isetshenziswe endaweni yokuhlala e-US.

Enye ishaja eqondiswa kabili, i-Quasar 2 evela ku-Wallbox, izotholakala ku-Kia EV9 engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024.

Ngaphandle kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, uzodinga nesivumelwano sokuxhumanisa esivela enkampanini yakho kagesi, uqinisekise ukuthi ukuthumela amandla phezulu ngeke kudlule igridi.

Futhi uma ufuna ukubuyisela enye yemali oyitshalile nge-V2G, uzodinga isofthiwe eqondisa isistimu ukuze igcine izinga lokushaja okhululekile ngalo kuyilapho ikutholela intengo engcono kakhulu yamandla owathengisayo. Umdlali omkhulu kuleyo ndawo yiFermata Energy, inkampani yaseCharlottesville, eVirginia eyasungulwa ngo-2010.

"Amakhasimende abhalisela ipulatifomu yethu futhi senza zonke lezo zinto zegridi," kusho umsunguli uDavid Slutzky. “Akudingeki bacabange ngakho.”

UFermata usebenzisane nabashayeli bezindiza abaningi be-V2G kanye ne-V2H kulo lonke elase-US. E-Alliance Center, indawo yokusebenzisana enomqondo wokusimama e-Denver, i-Nissan Leaf ixhunywe kushaja eqondiswa kabili ye-Fermata uma ingashayelwa ndawo. Lesi sikhungo sithi isoftware ye-Fermata ebikezela ukufunwa-phezulu iyakwazi ukonga u-$300 ngenyanga esikweletini saso sikagesi ngalokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yi- behind-the-meter demand charge management.

E-Burrillville, Rhode Island, iLeaf elipakwe endaweni yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile lizuze cishe u-$9,000 ehlobo ehlobo, ngokusho kukaFermata, ngokukhipha ugesi kugridi ngesikhathi semicimbi ephakeme kakhulu.

Njengamanje ukusetha okuningi kwe-V2G kuyisivivinyo sokuhweba esisezingeni elincane. Kepha u-Slutzky uthi izinsiza zokuhlala maduze zizoba yonke indawo.

Uthi: “Lokhu akukho esikhathini esizayo. “Kuyenzeka ngempela. Ukuthi nje isizokwenyuka.”

Ukushaja okuphindwe kabili: imoto eya ekhaya
Indlela elula kakhulu yamandla aqondiswa kabili eyaziwa ngokuthi imoto yokulayisha, noma i-V2L. Ngayo, ungashaja impahla yokukhempa, amathuluzi kagesi noma enye imoto kagesi (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-V2V). Kunokunye okumangazayo okusetshenziswayo: Ngonyaka odlule, udokotela womchamo waseTexas u-Christopher Yang wamemezela ukuthi useqede ukuhlinzwa kwe-vasectomy ngesikhathi sokucisha ngokunika amandla amathuluzi akhe ngebhethri eveni lakhe le-Rivian R1T.

Ungase futhi uzwe igama elithi V2X, noma imoto kuyo yonke into. Kuyindaba edidayo yokubamba okungaba igama lesambulela le-V2H noma i-V2G noma ukushaja okuphethwe nje, okwaziwa nge-V1G. Kodwa abanye embonini yezimoto basebenzisa isifinyezo, esimweni esihlukile, ukuze sisho noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nenye inhlangano, okuhlanganisa abahamba ngezinyawo, izibani zasemgwaqweni noma izikhungo zedatha yethrafikhi.

Ekuphindaphindweni okuhlukahlukene kokushaja okuphindwe kabili, i-V2H inokusekelwa okubanzi kakhulu, njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okubangelwa abantu kanye namagridi kagesi anganakekelwa kahle kwenze ukucisha kwanda kakhulu. Kube nokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo okusabalele okungaphezu kuka-180 kulo lonke elase-US ngo-2020, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwe-Wall Street Journal yedatha yenhlangano, kusukela ngaphansi kweshumi nambili ngo-2000.

Isitoreji sebhethri ye-EV sinezinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwamajeneretha edizili noma e-propane, okuhlanganisa ukuthi, ngemva kwenhlekelele, ugesi uvame ukubuyiselwa ngokushesha kunezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zikaphethiloli. Futhi amajeneretha endabuko anomsindo futhi anzima futhi akhipha intuthu eyingozi.

Ngaphandle kokukunikeza amandla aphuthumayo, i-V2H ingase ikugcinele imali: Uma usebenzisa amandla agciniwe ukuze unike amandla ikhaya lakho lapho amanani kagesi ephakeme, ungakwazi ukwehlisa izikweletu zakho zamandla. Futhi awudingi isivumelwano sokuxhuma ngoba awuwuphindiseli ugesi kugridi.

Kodwa ukusebenzisa i-V2H lapho kucisha kunengqondo iphuzu elithile, kusho umhlaziyi wezamandla u-Eisler.

“Uma ubheka isimo lapho igridi ingathembekile futhi ingase iphahlazeke, kufanele uzibuze, ukuthi leyo ngozi izohlala isikhathi esingakanani,” usho kanje. "Ingabe uzokwazi ukuyishaja leyo EV uma uyidinga?"

Ukugxekwa okufanayo kwavela kuTesla - ngesikhathi esifanayo nengqungquthela yabezindaba yosuku lwabatshalizimali ngoMashi lapho yamemezela khona ukuthi izokwengeza ukusebenza kwe-bidirectional. Kulowo mcimbi, i-CEO u-Elon Musk wasibukela phansi lesi sici ngokuthi “asiphazamiseki kakhulu.”

“Uma ukhipha amapulaki emoto yakho, indlu yakho iba mnyama,” esho. Vele, i-V2H izoba yimbangi eqondile kuTesla Powerwall, ibhethri lelanga eliphethwe nguMusk.

Ukushaja okuphindwe kabili: imoto ukuya kugridi

Abanikazi bezindlu ezifundazweni eziningi sebengakwazi kakade ukuthengisa amandla asele abawakhiqizayo ngamaphaneli elanga asophahleni abuyele kugridi. Kuthiwani uma ama-EV angaphezu kwesigidi esi-1 okulindeleke ukuthi adayiswe e-US kulo nyaka angenza okufanayo?

Ngokusho kwabacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseRochester, abashayeli bangonga phakathi kuka-$120 no-$150 ngonyaka emalini yabo yamandla.

I-V2G isacathula - izinkampani zikagesi zisacabanga ukuthi zingalungiswa kanjani igridi kanye nendlela yokukhokhela amakhasimende azidayisela amahora angama-kilowatt. Kodwa izinhlelo zokuhlola ziyethula emhlabeni jikelele: I-Pacific Gas and Electric yaseCalifornia, insiza enkulu kunazo zonke yase-US, isiqalile ukubhalisa amakhasimende kumshayeli wendiza ongu-$11.7 wezigidi ukuze abone ukuthi ekugcineni azohlanganisa kanjani ukuqondiswa kabili.

Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, amakhasimende ahlala endaweni azothola kufika ku-$2,500 ezindlekweni zokufaka ishaja eqondiswa kabili futhi azokhokhelwa ukuze akhiphe ugesi ubuyele kugridi uma kuba nokushoda okulindelekile. Ngokuya ngobulukhuni besidingo namandla abantu abazimisele ukuwakhipha, ababambiqhaza bangathola imali ephakathi kuka-$10 no-$50 ngomcimbi ngamunye, umkhulumeli we-PG&E uPaul Doherty utshele i-dot.LA ngoDisemba,

I-PG&E izibekele umgomo wokweseka ama-EV ayizigidi ezi-3 endaweni yawo yesevisi ngo-2030, angaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili zawo ezikwazi ukusekela i-V2G.