I-Tesla NACS Ishaja Izinga lokushaja Ngokushesha

Iyini Ukushaja kwe-NACS
I-NACS, isixhumi esisanda kuqanjwa kabusha se-Tesla nembobo yokushaja, imele i-North American Charging Standard. I-NACS ichaza ihadiwe etholakala kuzo zonke izimoto zakwaTesla, amashaja okuyiwa kuwo kanye nama-Supercharger ashaja ngokushesha e-DC. Ipulaki ihlanganisa izikhonkwane zokushaja ze-AC ne-DC zibe iyunithi eyodwa. Kuze kube muva nje, i-NACS ibingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemikhiqizo ye-Tesla. Kepha ekwindla edlule inkampani yavula i-NACS ecosystem ezimotweni zikagesi ezingezona ezeTesla e-US. I-Tesla ithi izovula amashaja angu-7,500 endawo kanye nama-Supercharger anesivinini esiphezulu kuma-non-Tesla EVs ekupheleni konyaka ozayo.

Ingabe i-NACS iyindinganiso ngempela?
I-NACS bekuwuhlelo lweTesla kuphela kusukela inkampani yaqala ukukhiqiza izimoto ezinomthamo eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi edlule. Ngenxa yesabelo esikhulu sikaTesla semakethe ye-EV, i-NACS iyisixhumi esisetshenziswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika. Ucwaningo oluningi lwesikhathi sokushaja esidlangalaleni kanye nokubonwa komphakathi kukhombisile ukuthi uhlelo lukaTesla luthembeke kakhulu, luyatholakala, futhi luhlelekile kuneqoqo lezinkanyezi lamashaja angewona aweTesla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba abantu abaningi behlanganisa ipulaki ye-NACS nalo lonke uhlelo lokushaja lwe-Tesla, kusazobonakala ukuthi ukushintshela kupulaki ye-Tesla kuzokudambisa yini konke okukhathazayo abashayeli abangebona abe-Tesla.

Ingabe izinkampani zangaphandle zizoqala ukukhiqiza nokudayisa amashaja nama-adaptha e-NACS?
Amashaja nama-adaptha enkampani yangaphandle ye-NACS asevele atholakala kabanzi ukuze athengwe, ikakhulukazi njengoba uTesla enze ama-specs akhe wobunjiniyela abe umthombo ovulekile. Ukumiswa kwepulaki nge-SAE kufanele kuqondise le nqubo futhi kusize ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenzisana kwamapulaki ezinkampani zangaphandle.

Ngabe i-NACS izoba yindinganiso esemthethweni?
NgoJuni, i-SAE International, isiphathimandla sezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke, yamemezela ukuthi izomisa isixhumi se-NACS, iqinisekise ukuthi abahlinzeki nabakhiqizi “bangasebenzisa, bakhiqize, noma bakhiphe isixhumi se-NACS kuma-EV naseziteshini zokushaja kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika.” Kuze kube manje, inguquko yomkhakha wonke eya ku-NACS yinto yase-US-Canada-Mexico.

Kungani i-NACS “ingcono”?
Ipulaki ye-NACS ne-receptacle kuncane futhi kulula kunemishini ye-CCS ehambisanayo. Isibambo se-NACS, ikakhulukazi, sizacile futhi kulula ukusiphatha. Lokhu kungenza umehluko omkhulu kubashayeli abanezinkinga zokufinyeleleka. Inethiwekhi yokushaja ye-Tesla esekelwe ku-NACS, eyaziwa ngokwethembeka nokuba lula kwayo, inamachweba ashaja kakhulu (i-CCS ineziteshi zokushaja eziningi) eNyakatho Melika.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ipulaki ye-NACS kanye ne-Tesla Supercharger azishintsheki ngokugcwele - opharetha abangewona i-Tesla banganikeza ama-plug we-NACS angase abe nezindinganiso ezihlukile zokuphumula noma ukwethembeka.

Kungani i-NACS “imbi”?
Izimpikiswano eziphikisana ne-NACS ukuthi iyinethiwekhi eklanywe inkampani eyodwa ukuze isetshenziswe ngokuphathelene nobunikazi. Ngokunjalo, amapulaki eziteshini zokushaja zamanje mafishane futhi ancike ekutheni imbobo yokushaja ingemuva kwesokunxele semoto ebuyela endaweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amashaja angaba nzima kwabaningi abangewona ama-Tesla ukuthi bawasebenzise. Umshayeli kufanele futhi asethe futhi akhokhe ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Tesla. Ikhadi lesikweletu noma izinkokhelo zesikhathi esisodwa azitholakali okwamanje.

Ingabe amaFord amasha, ama-GM, njll. asazokwazi ukusebenzisa i-CCS?
Kuze kube ihadiwe ye-NACS yakhelwe kumikhiqizo emisha ngo-2025, wonke ama-EV angewona ama-Tesla angaqhubeka nokushaja ku-CCS ngaphandle kwe-adaptha. Uma i-hardware ye-NACS isisezingeni, abakhi bezimoto abafana ne-GM, i-Polestar ne-Volvo bathi bazohlinzeka ngama-adaptha ukuze izimoto ezihlome nge-NACS zikwazi ukuxhuma kumashaja e-CCS. Abanye abakhiqizi cishe bazothuthukisa izinhlelo ezifanayo.

Izimoto okungezona ezakwaTesla zizokhokha kanjani kuma-supercharger akwaTesla?
Abanikazi okungebona abe-Tesla bangalanda uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Tesla, bakhe iphrofayela yomsebenzisi futhi bakhethe indlela yokukhokha. Ukukhokha kube kuyazenzakalela lapho isikhathi sokushaja siqedwa. Okwamanje, uhlelo lokusebenza lungaqondisa abanikazi bezimoto ezihlome nge-CCS kumasayithi ashajayo anikezela nge-adaptha ye-Magic Dock.

Ngabe abakwaFord nezinye izinkampani bayayikhokhela i-Tesla ukuze isetshenziswe futhi inakekele amashaja abo amakhulu?
Ngokwemibiko, abakwaGM kanye nabakwaFord bathi ayikho imali eshintsha izandla ukuze kutholakale amashaja weTesla noma i-NACS hardware. Kodwa-ke, kuneziphakamiso zokuthi u-Tesla uzokhokhwa - kudatha yomsebenzisi - kuzo zonke izikhathi zokushaja ezintsha ezizokwenzeka. Le datha ingasiza u-Tesla ukuthi ahlehlise ulwazi lobunikazi bukanjiniyela mayelana nemikhuba yokushaja yabaqhudelana nabo kanye nemikhuba yokushaja yabashayeli.

Ngabe izinkampani okungezona eze-Tesla zizoqala ukufaka amashaja azo e-NACS?
Amanethiwekhi amakhulu okushaja okungewona we-Tesla asevele aya esidlangalaleni ngezinhlelo zokwengeza i-NACS kumasayithi abo. Lezi zihlanganisa i-ABB Group, Blink Charging, Electrify America, ChargePoint, EVgo, FLO neTritium. (I-Revel, esebenza ngokukhethekile eDolobheni laseNew York, ibilokhu ihlanganisa i-NACS kuzindawo zayo zokushaja.)

I-Ford ne-GM bobabili basanda kumemezela izinhlelo zokufaka ichweba le-Tesla NACS ezimotweni ezizayo, futhi ndawonye, ​​lokhu kungase kuphawule ukuqala kwengqalasizinda esebenza kahle yokushaja imoto kagesi e-US Kodwa izinto zingase zibukeke zingaqinisekile nakakhulu ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngcono.

Okuxakayo ukuthi ukushintshela ku-NACS kusho ukuthi i-GM kanye ne-Ford zombili zishiya izinga.
Sekushiwo lokho, ngo-2023 kusasele izindinganiso ezintathu zokushaja ngokushesha zezimoto zikagesi e-US: i-CHAdeMO, i-CCS, ne-Tesla (ephinde ibizwe nge-NACS, noma i-North American Charging System). Futhi njengoba i-NACS iqonda ku-V4, ingase ikwazi maduze ukushaja lezo zimoto ezingu-800V ekuqaleni ezazihloselwe i-CCS ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu.

Zimbili nje izimoto ezithengiswayo nechweba elishaja ngokushesha i-CHAdeMO: iNissan Leaf neMitsubishi Outlander Plug-In Hybrid.

Kuma-EV, mancane amathuba okuthi kube ne-EV eyodwa entsha enechweba le-CHAdeMO esikhathini esidlule phakathi neshumi leminyaka lapho iLeaf yamanje kulindeleke ukuthi iphelelwe ukukhiqizwa. Umuntu ozongena esikhundleni kungenzeka enziwe kusukela ngo-2026.

Kodwa phakathi kwe-CCS ne-NACS, lokho kushiya izindinganiso ezimbili zokushaja okusheshayo kwemoto kagesi ngekusasa elibonakalayo. Nansi indlela abaqhathanisa ngayo manje ngenani lamachweba e-US