Uthini uMgangatho wokuTshaja waseMntla Melika (Tesla NACS)?

UMgangatho wokuTjaja waseMntla waseMelika (NACS) yinto ethi uTesla wayibiza ngokuba yimoto yombane yombane (EV) isidibanisi sokutshaja kunye nesango lokutshaja xa, ngoNovemba ka-2022, yavula uyilo olunelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye neenkcukacha zokusetyenziswa ngabanye abavelisi be-EV kunye ne-EV yokutshaja abaqhubi benethiwekhi kwihlabathi jikelele. I-NACS ibonelela nge-AC kunye ne-DC yokutshaja kwiplagi enye ehlangeneyo, isebenzisa izikhonkwane ezifanayo kuzo zombini, kwaye ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1MW yamandla kwi-DC.

I-Tesla isebenzise esi siqhagamshelo kuzo zonke iimoto zemarike yaseMntla Melika ukususela ngo-2012 kunye nakwi-DC-powered Supercharger kunye neNqanaba lesi-2 le-Tesla Wall Connectors ukutshaja ekhaya kunye nendawo yokuya kuyo. Ulawulo lukaTesla kwimakethi ye-EV yaseMntla Melika kunye nokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-DC EV yokutshaja kakhulu e-US yenza ukuba i-NACS ibe ngowona mgangatho usetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.

Ngaba i-NACS ingumgangatho wokwenyani?

Xa i-NACS yathiywa yaza yavulelwa uluntu, ayizange ifakwe kwikhowudi ngumbutho osele ukho wemigangatho ofana ne-SAE International (SAE), eyayisakuba yiSociety of Automotive Engineers. NgoJulayi 2023, i-SAE yazisa izicwangciso "zokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza" ukulinganisa i-NACS Electric Vehicle Coupler njenge-SAE J3400 ngokupapasha umgangatho ongaphambi kweshedyuli, ngaphambi kowe-2024. Imigangatho iya kujongana nendlela iiplagi ezidibanisa ngayo kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja, ukukhawuleza, ukuthembeka kunye ne-cybersecurity.

Yeyiphi eminye imigangatho yokutshaja ye-EV esetyenziswayo namhlanje?

I-J1772 ngumgangatho weplagi weNqanaba 1 okanye iNqanaba le-2 le-AC-powered EV yokutshaja. Umgangatho wokuTshaja oDityanisiweyo (CCS) udibanisa umdibaniso we-J1772 kunye nekhonkco elineepini ezimbini kwi-DC yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. I-CCS Combo 1 (CCS1) isebenzisa umgangatho weplagi wase-US woxhulumaniso lwe-AC, kwaye i-CCS Combo 2 (CCS2) isebenzisa isitayela se-EU seplagi ye-AC. Izihlanganisi ze-CCS1 kunye ne-CCS2 zikhulu kwaye zininzi kunesidibanisi se-NACS. I-CHAdeMO yayingumgangatho wokuqala wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC kwaye isasetyenziswa yi-Nissan Leaf kunye negcuntswana leminye imifuziselo kodwa ubukhulu becala iyacinywa ngabavelisi kunye nabaqhubi benethiwekhi yokutshaja i-EV. Ukufunda ngakumbi, jonga iposi yethu yebhlog malunga neeProtokholi zoShishino lokuTjaja i-EV kunye neMigangatho

Ngabaphi abavelisi be-EV abamkela i-NACS?

Isinyathelo sikaTesla sokuvula i-NACS ukuze isetyenziswe ngezinye iinkampani zanika abavelisi be-EV ukhetho lokutshintshela kwi-platform ye-EV yokutshaja kunye nenethiwekhi eyaziwayo ngokuthembeka kunye nokulula ukuyisebenzisa. I-Ford yayingumvelisi wokuqala we-EV ukubhengeza ukuba, kwisivumelwano kunye noTesla, iya kwamkela umgangatho we-NACS we-North American EVs, eyenza abaqhubi bayo basebenzise inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger.

Eso saziso salandelwa nguGeneral Motors, Rivian, Volvo, Polestar kunye neMercedes-Benz. Izibhengezo ze-automakers ziquka ukuxhobisa ii-EVs kunye ne-NACS i-port yentlawulo eqala ngo-2025 kunye nokubonelela ngeeadaptha ngo-2024 eziza kuvumela abanini be-EV abakhoyo ukuba basebenzise inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger. Abavelisi kunye neempawu zisavavanya ukwamkelwa kwe-NACS ngexesha lokupapashwa baquka i-VW Group kunye neQela le-BMW, ​​ngelixa abo bathatha isimo "sokuphawula" baquka i-Nissan, i-Honda/Acura, i-Aston Martin, kunye ne-Toyota/Lexus.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukwamkelwa kwe-NACS kuthungelwano lokutshaja ii-EV zoluntu?

Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yeTesla Supercharger, uthungelwano olukhoyo lwe-EV lokutshaja iinethiwekhi kunye nezo ziphantsi kophuhliso zixhasa kakhulu iCCS. Enyanisweni, i-EV yokutshaja inethiwekhi e-US kufuneka ixhase i-CCS ukuze umnini afanelekele inkxaso-mali yeziseko zombuso, kuquka neenethiwekhi zeTesla. Nokuba uninzi lwee-EV ezintsha ezisendleleni e-US ngo-2025 zixhotyiswe ngamazibuko entlawulo e-NACS, izigidi zee-EV ezixhotyiswe nge-CCS ziya kusetyenziswa kule minyaka ilishumi izayo kwaye ziya kufuna ukufikelela kwi-EV yokutshaja kawonke-wonke.

Oko kuthetha ukuba iminyaka emininzi imigangatho ye-NACS kunye neCCS iya kuhlala ikho kwindawo yentengiso ye-US EV. Abanye abasebenzi bothungelwano abatshajayo be-EV, kuquka i-EVgo, sele bebandakanya inkxaso yemveli kwizihlanganisi ze-NACS. I-Tesla EVs (kunye nezithuthi zexesha elizayo ezingezizo i-Tesla NACS-equipped) sele zikwazi ukusebenzisa i-Tesla's NACS-to-CCS1 okanye i-adapter ye-NACS-to-CHAdeMO kaTesla ukuhlawula ngokuyimfuneko nayiphi na inethiwekhi kawonkewonke yokutshaja i-EV kulo lonke elase-US Ingxaki kukuba abaqhubi kufuneka basebenzise. I-app yomnikezeli ohlawulayo okanye ikhadi lekhredithi ukuhlawula iseshoni yokutshaja, nokuba umboneleli unikezela ngamava e-Autocharge.

I-EV umenzi we-NACS izivumelwano zokwamkelwa kunye noTesla zibandakanya ukubonelela ngokufikelela kwinethiwekhi ye-Supercharger kubathengi babo be-EV, enikwe amandla ngenkxaso yemoto kwinethiwekhi. Izithuthi ezitsha ezithengiswa kwi-2024 ngabavelisi be-NACS-adopter baya kubandakanya i-adapter ye-CCS-to-NACS ebonelelwe ngumenzi kwi-Supercharger network access.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho we-NACS kukwamkelwa kwe-EV?
Ukunqongophala kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja ii-EV kudala kube ngumqobo kukwamkelwa kwe-EV. Ngokudityaniswa kokwamkelwa kwe-NACS ngabavelisi abaninzi be-EV kunye nokufakwa kweTesla yenkxaso yeCCS kwinethiwekhi ye-Supercharger, ngaphezu kwe-17,000 ebekwe ngokucwangcisekileyo iitshaja ze-EV ezibekwe ngokucwangcisekileyo ziya kufumaneka ukujongana noluhlu lwamaxhala kunye nokuvula indlela yokwamkelwa kwabathengi be-EVs.

Tesla Magic Dock
Emantla Melika iTesla ibisebenzisa iplagi yayo yokutshaja ebukekayo nekulula ukuyisebenzisa, ebizwa ngokuba nguMgangatho wokuTshaja waseMntla Melika (NACS). Ngelishwa, lonke ishishini leemoto libonakala likhetha ukuchasana namava asebenziseka lula kwaye linamathele kwiplagi enkulu yeNkqubo yokuTjaja eDityanisiweyo (CCS1).

Ukuvumela iTesla Supercharger ezikhoyo ukuba zihlawule izithuthi ngeechweba zeCCS, iTesla yavelisa iplagi entsha yokutshaja i-docking case kunye ne-adapter encinci eyakhelweyo, i-adapter ye-NACS-CCS1 yokuzivalela. Kubaqhubi beTesla, amava okuhlawula ahlala engatshintshi.

Indlela Yokuhlawulisa
Okokuqala, "kukho usetyenziso kuyo yonke into", ngoko ayimangalisi into yokuba ukhuphele usetyenziso lweTesla kwisixhobo sakho se-iOS okanye se-Android kwaye usete iakhawunti. (Abanikazi beTesla banokusebenzisa i-akhawunti yabo ekhoyo ukuhlawula izithuthi ezingezizo zeTesla.) Emva kokuba kwenziwe oko, ithebhu ethi "Ukuhlawula i-Non-Tesla yakho" kwi-app iya kubonisa imephu yeendawo ezikhoyo ze-Supercharger ezixhotyiswe ngeMagic Docks. Khetha indawo yokujonga ulwazi malunga nezitendi ezivuliweyo, idilesi yesiza, izinto ezikufutshane, kunye neentlawulo zokubiza.

Xa ufika kwindawo ye-Supercharger, paka ngokwendawo yekhebula kwaye uqalise iseshoni yokutshaja nge-app. Cofa ku "Tshaja Apha" kwi-app, khetha inombolo yeposi efunyenwe ezantsi kwe-Supercharger stall, kwaye ngokukhawuleza utyhale kwaye ukhuphe iplagi kunye neadaptha eqhotyoshelweyo. I-Tesla's V3 Supercharger inokubonelela ngexabiso lokutshaja le-250-kW kwiimoto zeTesla, kodwa izinga lokutshaja olifumanayo lixhomekeke kubuchule bakho be-EV.