Yintoni ukuTshaja kweBidirectional?

Ngee-EV ezininzi, umbane uhamba ngendlela enye - ukusuka kwitshaja, i-outlet yodonga okanye omnye umthombo wamandla kwibhetri. Kukho iindleko ezicacileyo kumsebenzisi wombane kwaye, ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sayo yonke intengiso yeemoto elindeleke ukuba ibe zii-EVs ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi, umthwalo okhulayo kwiigridi eziluncedo esele zirhafiswe kakhulu.

Ukutshaja kabini kukuvumela ukuba uhambise amandla ngenye indlela, ukusuka kwibhetri ukuya kwenye into engeyiyo i-drivetrain yemoto. Ngethuba lokucima, i-EV edibeneyo ngokufanelekileyo ingathumela umbane kwindlu okanye ishishini kwaye igcine umbane iintsuku eziliqela, inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-car-to-home (V2H) okanye i-car-to-building (V2B).

Ngamabhongo ngakumbi, i-EV yakho inokubonelela ngamandla kwinethiwekhi xa imfuno iphezulu - yithi, ngexesha lobushushu xa wonke umntu eqhuba ii-air conditioners zabo - kwaye unqande ukungazinzi okanye ukucima. Oko kwaziwa ngokuba yimoto-to-grid (V2G).

Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba uninzi lweemoto zihlala zipakishwe i-95% yexesha, licebo elihendayo.

Kodwa ukuba nemoto enekhono lokuphinda-phindelela yinxalenye kuphela yenxaki. Kufuneka kwakhona itshaja ekhethekileyo evumela amandla ukuba ahambe ngeendlela zombini. Sayibona loo nto kwangoko kulo nyaka uzayo: NgoJuni, i-dcbel eseMontreal yabhengeza ukuba iSikhululo saMandla saseKhaya i-r16 ibe yeyokuqala itshaja ye-EV eneendlela ezimbini eqinisekisiweyo ukuba isetyenziswe kwindawo yokuhlala e-US.

Enye itshaja ye-bidirectional, i-Quasar 2 esuka kwi-Wallbox, iya kufumaneka kwi-Kia EV9 kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2024.

Ngaphandle kwe-hardware, uya kudinga isivumelwano sokuqhagamshelwa kwinkampani yakho yombane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthumela umbane ukuya phezulu akuyi kuyigqithisa igridi.

Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukubuyisela enye yotyalo-mali lwakho nge-V2G, uya kufuna isoftware ekhokela inkqubo ukugcina inqanaba lentlawulo okhululekileyo ngalo ngelixa ufumana elona xabiso lilungileyo lamandla owathengisayo. Umdlali omkhulu kuloo ndawo yiFermata Energy, inkampani yaseCharlottesville, eVirginia eyasungulwa kwi-2010.

"Abathengi babhalisela kwiqonga lethu kwaye senza zonke ezo zinto zegridi," utshilo umseki uDavid Slutzky. Akuyomfuneko ukuba bacinge ngayo.

UFermata ubambisene kubaqhubi abaninzi beV2G kunye neV2H kulo lonke elase-US. Kwiziko le-Alliance, indawo yokusebenzela ezinzileyo e-Denver, i-Nissan Leaf ifakwe kwitshaja ye-fermata xa ingaqhutywa ngapha nangapha. Iziko lithi i-software ye-Fermata yemfuno-phezulu yokuqikelela iyakwazi ukuyigcina i-$ 300 ngenyanga kwi-bill yayo yombane kunye nento eyaziwa ngokuba ngulawulo lwentlawulo yemfuno yemitha.

EBurrillville, Rhode Island, Igqabi elipakwe kwindawo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka lafumana phantse i-9,000 yeedola kwiihlobo ezimbini zasehlotyeni, ngokukaFermata, ngokukhupha umbane ubuyela kwigridi ngexesha lemisitho ephezulu.

Okwangoku uninzi lokuseta kweV2G lulingo oluncinci lwentengiso. Kodwa uSlutzky uthi inkonzo yokuhlala kungekudala iza kuba yonke indawo.

Uthi: “Le nto ayikho kwixesha elizayo. “Sele isenzeka, ngokwenene. Kuphela nje kukuba sele iza kunyuka.”

Ukutshaja kabini: isithuthi ukuya ekhaya
Eyona ndlela ilula yamandla e-bidirectional yaziwa njengesithuthi sokulayisha, okanye i-V2L. Ngayo, unokuhlawula izixhobo zenkampu, izixhobo zombane okanye enye imoto yombane (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-V2V). Kukho usetyenziso olumandla ngakumbi: Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ugqirha wase-Texas oyingcali ye-urologist uChristopher Yang wabhengeza ukuba ulugqibile uqhaqho-vasectomy ngexesha lokungabikho kwakhe ngokunika amandla izixhobo zakhe ngebhetri kwifoto yakhe ye-Rivian R1T.

Unokuva kwakhona igama elithi V2X, okanye isithuthi kuyo yonke into. Yinto encinci yokubambisa enokuthi ibe ligama le-ambrela ye-V2H okanye i-V2G okanye i-charge elawulwayo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-V1G. Kodwa abanye kwishishini le-auto basebenzisa isishunqulelo, kumxholo owahlukileyo, ukuthetha naluphi na uhlobo lonxibelelwano phakathi kwesithuthi kunye nelinye iziko, kubandakanya abahamba ngeenyawo, izibane zesitrato okanye amaziko edatha yetrafikhi.

Kumaxesha ahlukeneyo okutshaja okuphindwe kabini, i-V2H inenkxaso ebanzi, njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu olubangwa ngabantu kunye neegridi zombane ezingagcinwanga kakuhle zenze ukucima kuxhaphake kakhulu. Bekukho ngaphezu kwe-180 yokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo kulo lonke elase-US ngo-2020, ngokutsho kweWall Street Journal uphononongo lwedatha yomdibaniso, ukusuka ngaphantsi kweshumi elinesibini ngo-2000.

Ukugcinwa kwebhetri ye-EV kuneenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwe-diesel okanye i-propane generator, kubandakanywa ukuba, emva kwentlekele, umbane udla ngokubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza kunezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Kwaye iijenereyitha zemveli ziyangxola kwaye zinzima kwaye zikhupha umsi onobungozi.

Ngaphandle kokubonelela ngombane ongxamisekileyo, i-V2H inokukugcina imali: Ukuba usebenzisa amandla agciniweyo ukunika amandla ikhaya lakho xa izinga lombane liphezulu, unokunciphisa iindleko zakho zamandla. Kwaye awudingi sivumelwano soqhagamshelo kuba awuwutyhili umbane ubuyele kwigridi.

Kodwa ukusebenzisa i-V2H ekucinyweni kobumnyama kunengqiqo kwinqanaba, utsho umhlalutyi wamandla uEisler.

“Ukuba ujonge imeko apho igridi ingathembekanga kwaye isenokuntlitheka, kuya kufuneka uzibuze, ukuba loo ngozi iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani,” utshilo. "Ngaba uza kukwazi ukuyitshaja kwakhona i-EV xa kufuneka?"

Ukugxeka okufanayo kwavela kuTesla - ngexesha elifanayo lenkomfa yabezindaba yosuku lwabatyali-mali ngo-Matshi apho yabhengeza ukuba iya kongeza ukusebenza kwe-bidirectional. Kuloo msitho, i-CEO u-Elon Musk ulijongele phantsi eli nqaku njenge "liyingozi kakhulu."

“Ukuba ukhulula imoto yakho, indlu yakho iba mnyama,” utshilo. Ewe kunjalo, i-V2H iya kuba ngumntu okhuphisana ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Tesla Powerwall, ibhetri yelanga ye-Musk.

Ukutshaja macala omabini: isithuthi ukuya kwigridi

Abanini bezindlu kumazwe amaninzi banokusele bethengisa amandla angaphezulu abawavelisayo ngeepaneli zelanga eluphahleni babuyela kwigridi. Kuthekani ukuba ii-EV ezingaphezulu kwe-1 yezigidi ezilindeleke ukuba zithengiswe e-US kulo nyaka zingenza okufanayo?

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseRochester, abaqhubi banokugcina phakathi kweedola ezili-120 kunye ne-$ 150 ngonyaka kwi-bill yabo yamandla.

I-V2G isebuncinaneni bayo - iinkampani zamandla zisacinga indlela yokulungisa igridi kunye nendlela yokuhlawula abathengi abazithengisa iiyure ze-kilowatt. Kodwa iinkqubo zokulinga ziyaqaliswa kwihlabathi jikelele: Igesi yePasifiki yaseCalifornia kunye noMbane, eyona nto iluncedo kakhulu e-US, sele iqalisile ukubhalisa abathengi kwi-pilot yezigidi ezili-11.7 zeedola ukufumanisa ukuba iya kudibanisa njani na indlela emibini.

Phantsi kwesi sicwangciso, abathengi bendawo yokuhlala baya kufumana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,500 yeedola malunga neendleko zokufakela itshaja ephindwe kabini kwaye baya kuhlawulwa ukukhupha umbane ukubuyisela kwigridi xa kukho ukunqongophala okulindelekileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kubuzaza bemfuno kunye nesikhundla abantu abazimisele ukusikhupha, abathathi-nxaxheba banokwenza phakathi kweedola ezili-10 kunye ne-50 yeedola ngomsitho, isithethi sePG&E uPaul Doherty uxelele dot.LA ngoDisemba,

I-PG & E ibeke injongo yokuxhasa i-EV yezigidi ezi-3 kwindawo yayo yenkonzo ngo-2030, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 zazo ezikwazi ukuxhasa i-V2G.