Ukuqonda iTekhnoloji emva kokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC

Intshayelelo

Njengoko izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziqhubeka zizuza ukuthandwa, kunjalo nesidingo sokutshaja iziseko ezikhawulezayo, ezisebenzayo, nezifumaneka ngokubanzi. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutshaja kwe-EV, Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kuye kwavela njengesisombululo esithembisayo esilinganisa isantya sokuhlawula kunye neendleko zeziseko. Le bhlog iya kuphonononga itekhnoloji emva kokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC, izibonelelo zayo kunye neenzuzo, amacandelo, iindleko, usetyenziso olunokwenzeka, njl.

Ukwamkelwa kweSithuthi soMbane (EV) kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa iindleko, uluhlu, kunye nesantya sokutshaja. Kwezi, isantya sokutshaja sibalulekile kuba sichaphazela lula kunye nokufikeleleka kwee-EVs. Ukuba ixesha lokutshaja licotha kakhulu, abaqhubi baya kutyhafiswa ekusebenziseni ii-EV kuhambo olude okanye uhambo lwemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko iteknoloji yokutshaja iphucula, isantya sokutshaja siye sakhawuleza, okwenza ii-EVs zisebenze ngakumbi kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla. Njengoko kwakhiwa izikhululo zokutshaja ezinesantya esiphezulu kwaye namaxesha okutshaja eqhubeka nokuhla, ukwamkelwa kwe-EV kuya konyuka kakhulu.

Yintoni Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC?

Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC luhlobo lokutshaja kwesithuthi sombane esisebenzisa amandla e-AC (alternating current) ukutshaja ibhetri yesithuthi sombane ngokukhawuleza. Olu hlobo lokutshaja lufuna isitishi sokutshaja esikhethekileyo okanye ibhokisi yodonga ukuhambisa amandla aphezulu kwitshaja yesithuthi. Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kukhawuleza kunokutshaja okuqhelekileyo kwe-AC kodwa kucotha kune-DC yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, esebenzisa umsinga othe ngqo ukutshaja ibhetri yesithuthi.Isantya sokutshaja se-AC ngokukhawuleza sisuka kwi-7 ukuya kwi-22 kW, kuxhomekeke kumthamo wesikhululo sokutshaja kunye nesithuthi esikhwele kuso. itshaja.

I-AC Fast Charging Overview yobuchwephesha

Ukwaziswa kweTekhnoloji yokuTjaja i-AC

Ngobu buchwepheshe, abanini be-EV ngoku banokuhlawulisa izithuthi zabo ngesantya esikhawulezayo sombane, okubavumela ukuba bahambe imigama emide ngaphandle kokufuna ukumisa eyongeziweyo yokutshaja. Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kusebenzisa amandla ombane aphezulu kunye ne-amperage kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja, nto leyo eyenza ii-EVs zikwazi ukutshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yomthamo webhetri yazo kangangemizuzu engama-30 nje. Le teknoloji inamandla okuguqula indlela esicinga ngayo ngothutho lombane, iyenze ibe yinto esebenzayo kunye nesebenzayo yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla.

AC VS. Ukutshaja kwe-DC

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokutshaja kwe-EV: ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC (ngokuthe ngqo) ukutshaja. Ukutshaja kwe-DC kunokuhambisa amandla ngokuthe ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi, kudlule itshaja ekwibhodi kwaye itshaje ngesantya esingama-350 kW. Nangona kunjalo, i-DC yokutshaja iziseko zophuhliso zibiza kakhulu kwaye zinzima ukuhlohla nokugcina. Ngelixa ukutshaja kwe-AC kucotha kunokutshaja kwe-DC, kufumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye kungabizi kakhulu ukuyifaka.

Isebenza Njani Ukutshaja kwe-AC & Yintoni eyenza ukuba iKhawuleze kuneTshaja ye-AC eqhelekileyo

Ukutshaja i-AC yinkqubo yokutshaja kwakhona ibhetri yesithuthi sombane (EV) usebenzisa amandla akhoyo atshintshanayo (AC). Ukutshaja nge-AC kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa itshaja ye-AC eqhelekileyo okanye ekhawulezayo. Itshaja ye-AC eqhelekileyo isebenzisa inkqubo yokutshaja yeNqanaba loku-1, ehambisa ngokuqhelekileyo i-120 volts kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-16 amps yamandla, okukhokelela kwisantya sokutshaja esijikeleze i-4-5 yeemayile zoluhlu ngeyure.

Kwelinye icala, itshaja ye-AC ekhawulezayo isebenzisa inkqubo yokutshaja yeNqanaba le-2, ehambisa i-240 volts kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-80 amps yamandla, okukhokelela kwisantya sokutshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwiikhilomitha ezingama-25 zoluhlu ngeyure. Oku kunyuka kwesantya sokutshaja kungenxa yombane ophezulu kunye ne-amperage ehanjiswa yiNqanaba lesi-2 lenkqubo yokutshaja, evumela amandla amaninzi ukuba ahambe kwibhetri ye-EV ngexesha elifutshane. Ngaphaya koku, iinkqubo zokutshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zihlala zineempawu ezifana noqhagamshelo lweWiFi kunye neeapps ze-smartphone ukujonga nokulawula inkqubo yokutshaja.

IiNzuzo kunye nezinto eziluncedo zokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC

Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kuneenzuzo ezininzi kunye neenzuzo ezenza isisombululo esinomtsalane kubanikazi be-EV kunye nabaqhubi besikhululo sokutshaja.Olona ncedo lubalulekileyo lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kukuncitshiswa kwexesha lokutshaja. Ibhetri ye-EV eqhelekileyo inokuhlawuliswa ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-80% malunga nemizuzu engama-30-45 ngeshaja ekhawulezayo ye-AC, xa kuthelekiswa neeyure ezininzi ezinetshaja ye-AC eqhelekileyo.

Enye inzuzo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC ziindleko zayo ezisezantsi zeziseko ezingundoqo kune-DC yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC kufuna izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo nezixabisayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibize kakhulu. Kungenjalo, ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kunokuphunyezwa ngeziseko ezilula, ukunciphisa iindleko zokufakela zizonke.

Ubulula beziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC zikwabonelela nokuguquguquka okukhulu malunga neendawo zofakelo. Izikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-AC zinokufakelwa kuluhlu olubanzi lweendawo, ezifana neendawo zokupaka, iindawo zokuthenga, kunye neendawo zikawonke-wonke, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba abanini be-EV bahlawule izithuthi zabo.

Ukusebenza kunye nokuFaneka kokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kwii-EVs

Ngokudibana nezibonelelo zayo, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kukwasisisombululo esisebenzayo nesisebenzayo sokutshaja ii-EVs. Amanqanaba aphezulu ombane wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC avumela amandla amaninzi ukuba ahanjiswe kwibhetri ngexesha elifutshane, ukunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo kwintlawulo epheleleyo.

Ngaphezu koko, ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kusebenza ngakumbi kunokutshaja rhoqo kwe-AC, njengoko kuzisa amandla ebhetri ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla amancinci alahlekileyo njengobushushu ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, okukhokelela kwinkcitho encinci yamandla kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuhlawula kumnini we-EV.

Izixhobo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-AC kunye nezixhobo

Izikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-AC zinamacandelo amaninzi kunye nezixhobo ezisebenza kunye ukubonelela ngesisombululo sokutshaja esikhawulezayo nesisebenzayo kwii-EVs.

Ukwaziswa kwezixhobo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC

Izinto eziphambili zesikhululo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC ziquka imodyuli yamandla, imodyuli yonxibelelwano, intambo yokutshaja, kunye ne-interface yomsebenzisi. Imodyuli yamandla iguqula umthombo wamandla we-AC kumandla e-DC kwaye uyihambise kwibhetri ye-EV. Imodyuli yonxibelelwano ilawula inkqubo yokutshaja, inxibelelana ne-EV, kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yokutshaja. Ikhebula lokuhlawula lidibanisa isikhululo sokutshaja kwi-EV, kwaye i-interface yomsebenzisi inikezela ngolwazi kumnini we-EV kwaye yenza ukuba baqale kwaye bayeke inkqubo yokuhlawula.

Indlela Ezi Zincedisi Zisebenza Ngayo Ndawonye

Xa umnini we-EV eplaga isithuthi sakhe kwisikhululo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza se-AC, isikhululo sokutshaja sinxibelelana ne-EV ukumisela iiparitha zokutshaja ezifanelekileyo kweso sithuthi sithile. Emva kokuba ezi parameters zisekiwe, isikhululo sokutshaja sihambisa amandla kwibhetri ye-EV sisebenzisa intambo ye-AC ephezulu.

Isikhululo sokutshaja sikwabeka iliso kwimeko yebhetri njengoko ihlawulisa, ukulungelelanisa iiparitha zokutshaja njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ibhetri iyatshaja ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Emva kokuba ibhetri ifikelele kwintlawulo yayo epheleleyo, isikhululo sokutshaja siyeka ukunika amandla kwisithuthi, siqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ayihlawuliswanga kwaye ixesha layo lonke alincitshiswa.

Iindleko zokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC

Iindleko zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukuphuma kwamandla esikhululo sokutshaja, uhlobo lwesidibanisi esisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nendawo yesikhululo sokutshaja. Ngokubanzi, ixabiso lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC liphezulu kunelo lokutshaja okuqhelekileyo kwe-AC, kodwa lisesezantsi kakhulu kunepetroli.

Iindleko zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC ngokuqhelekileyo zibalwa ngokusekelwe kumthamo wamandla asetyenziswe yi-EV. Oku kulinganiswa ngee-kilowatt-yure (kWh). Iindleko zombane ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-$ 0.10 ukuya kwi-$ 0.20 nge-kWh nganye. Ke ngoko, ukutshaja i-EV ngebhetri engama-60 kWh ukusuka engenanto ukuya kwigcweleyo kuya kuxabisa malunga ne-6 yeedola ukuya kwi-12 yeedola.

Ukongeza kwiindleko zombane, ezinye izikhululo zokutshaja zinokubiza umrhumo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zazo. Ezi ntlawulo zinokuhluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nohlobo lwesikhululo sokutshaja. Ezinye izitishi zibonelela ngentlawulo yasimahla, ngelixa ezinye zibiza umrhumo osicaba okanye ireyithi yomzuzu ngamnye.

Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kunye nempilo yebhetri

Enye inkxalabo abanini be-EV abaninzi abanayo malunga nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza yimpembelelo enokubakho kwimpilo yebhetri. Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kunokubangela ukunxiba kunye nokukrazuka ngakumbi kwibhetri kunokutshaja okucothayo, impembelelo incinci.

Uninzi lwabavelisi be-EV baye bayila izithuthi zabo ukuba zihambelane nokutshaja okukhawulezayo kwaye baphumeze ubuchwephesha obahlukeneyo ukunceda ukunciphisa ifuthe kwimpilo yebhetri. Umzekelo, ezinye ii-EVs zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo ukunceda ukulawula ubushushu bebhetri ngexesha lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa ukubakho komonakalo.

Usetyenziso lwe-EV yokuTshaja ngokukhawuleza

Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kunezicelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ukusukela kusetyenziso lomntu ukuya kwiziseko ezingundoqo zikawonke-wonke. Ukusetyenziswa kobuqu, ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kuvumela abanini be-EV ukuba bahlaziye ngokukhawuleza izithuthi zabo ngelixa besendleleni, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kubo ukuba bahambe imigama emide ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphelelwa ngamandla.

Kwiziseko zophuhliso loluntu, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kunokuncedisa ukuxhasa ukukhula kwemarike ye-EV ngokubonelela ngeendlela ezithembekileyo neziluncedo zokutshaja kubanini be-EV. Esi siseko sinokubekwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, njengendawo yokumisa iimoto, iindawo zokuphumla, nakwezinye iindawo zikawonke-wonke.

Imingeni kunye nekamva lokuTjaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC

Omnye weyona miceli mngeni inkulu sisakhiwo esifunekayo ukuxhasa ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC. Ngokungafaniyo nezikhululo zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kufuna umthamo omkhulu wombane, ngoko ke ukuphuculwa kwegridi yamandla kunye nokufakela iziguquli ezinomthamo ophezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo kunokubiza kwaye kudle ixesha. Ukongeza, ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-AC kunokunciphisa kakhulu ibhetri kunye nenkqubo yokutshaja yesithuthi, okunokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko wokutshisa kunye neminye imiba yokhuseleko. Kubalulekile ukuphuhlisa ubugcisa obutsha kunye nemigangatho eqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwe-AC yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngelixa isenza ukuba ifikeleleke kwaye ifikeleleke kumntu wonke.

Ikamva lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC lijongeka lithembisa njengoko iimoto zombane zithandwa kakhulu kwaye zisasazeka. Ngeli xesha, uninzi lwabavelisi bezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV abachwepheshile bakwimarike (umzekelo, i-Mida), ke kulula kakhulu ukufumana esona sikhululo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza se-AC. Ngaphaya koko, ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yebhetri kunokukhokelela kwiibhetri ezihlala ixesha elide kunye namaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ke ikamva lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC liqaqambile kwaye liya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwamkelweni okubanzi kwezithuthi zombane.

Isishwankathelo

Ukuqukumbela, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC yitekhnoloji ebalulekileyo yokukhula kwemarike ye-EV. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko inani lee-EV liqhubeka likhula, ezinye iingxaki zisafuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuphumeza imilinganiselo eyomeleleyo, sinokuqinisekisa kwakhona ukuba ukutshaja kwe-AC ngokukhawuleza kuya kuqhubeka kuyindlela ethembekileyo ne-eco-friendly yokufaka amafutha kwizithuthi zombane zangomso.