Iintsingiselo kwi-EV Charging Capabilities

Ukukhula kwemarike yezithuthi zombane kunokuziva kungenakuphepheka: ukugxila ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2, imeko yezopolitiko yangoku, utyalo-mali ngurhulumente kunye noshishino lweemoto, kunye nokuphishekela okuqhubekayo koluntu lonke lombane lubonisa i-boon kwizithuthi zombane. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nangona kunjalo, ukwamkelwa okubanzi kwezithuthi zombane ngabathengi kuye kwathintelwa ngamaxesha amade entlawulo kunye nokungabikho kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja. Inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokutshaja ye-EV ijongana nale mingeni, ivumela ukutshaja okukhuselekileyo nokukhawulezayo ekhaya nasendleleni. Amacandelo okutshaja kunye neziseko zophuhliso ziyenyuka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike ye-EV ekhula ngokukhawuleza, ivula indlela yokukhula okubonakalayo kuthutho lombane.

IZIQULATHO ZOKUQHUBA EMVA KWE-EV MARKET

Utyalo-mali kwiimoto zombane luye lwakhula iminyaka emininzi, kodwa ukunyuka kwengqwalasela kunye nemfuno kuye kwagxininiswa ngamacandelo amaninzi oluntu. Ugxininiso olukhulayo kwizisombululo zemozulu luye lwabonisa ukubaluleka kwezithuthi zombane - ukukwazi kokubili ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kunye nokutyala imali ekuthuthweni kwamandla acocekileyo kuye kwaba yinjongo ebanzi kurhulumente kunye noshishino ngokufanayo. Oku kugxilwa ekukhuleni okuzinzileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwemithombo yendalo kwakhona kuqhubela iteknoloji ukuba ityekele kuluntu olunombane wonke-ihlabathi elinamandla angenasiphelo asekelwe kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo ngaphandle kokukhutshwa okuyingozi.
Aba baqhubi bendalo kunye nobuchwepheshe babonakaliswa kwizinto eziphambili kulawulo lwe-federal kunye notyalo-mali, ngakumbi xa kukhankanywa uMthetho woTyalo-mali lwe-Infrastructure and Jobs Act ka-2021, ebeke i-7.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwi-EV yeziseko zophuhliso kwinqanaba lomdibaniso, i-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zokuhlawuliswa kwe-EV kunye ne-refueling yezibonelelo zeziseko, kunye neebhiliyoni ezi-5 zeerandi ezibhekiselele kwiNkqubo yokuTshaja iSithuthi soMbane seSizwe. Ulawulo lweBiden lukwalandela injongo yokwakha kunye nokufakela izikhululo zokutshaja ze-DC ezingama-500,000 kwilizwe liphela.

Lo mkhwa unokubonwa kwinqanaba likarhulumente. Amazwe aquka iCalifornia, Massachusetts, kunye neNew Jersey alandela umthetho wokwamkela zonke iimoto zombane. Iikhredithi zerhafu, intshukumo ye-Electrify America, inkuthazo, kunye nezigunyaziso zikwaphembelela abathengi kunye nabavelisi ngokufanayo ukuba bamkele intshukumo ye-EV.

Abenzi beemoto bajoyina inyathelo lokuya kwizithuthi zombane, ngokunjalo. Abavelisi bemoto abaphambili abaquka iGM, Ford, Volkswagen, BMW, kunye neAudi bahlala bezisa iimodeli ezintsha ze-EV. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, kulindeleke ukuba kubekho iimodeli ze-EV ezingaphezulu kwe-80 kunye nee-plug-in hybrids ezikhoyo kwimarike. Kukho inani elikhulayo labavelisi abatsha be-EV abajoyina imarike ngokunjalo, kuquka uTesla, uLucid, uNikola, kunye noRivian.

Iinkampani eziluncedo nazo zilungiselela uluntu olusebenza ngombane. Kubalulekile ukuba izinto eziluncedo zihlale phambi kwegophe xa kuthethwa ngokufakelwa kombane ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno eyandayo, kwaye iziseko ezingundoqo ezibandakanya ii-microgrid ziya kufuneka ecaleni kwemimandla ukuze kuhlaliswe izikhululo zokutshaja umbane. Unxibelelwano lwesithuthi ukuya kwiGridi nalo lufumana ukutsaleka koohola bendlela.

Imiqobo EKUKHULISENI

Ngelixa umfutho uyanda wokwamkelwa kwe-EV ngokubanzi, imingeni kulindeleke ukuba ithintele ukukhula. Nangona inkuthazo iya kukhuthaza abathengi okanye iinqwelo-moya ukuba zitshintshele kwizithuthi zombane, zinokuza kunye nokubamba - kunokubakho ukunyakaza kwee-EVs ukuze zikwazi ukunxibelelana neziseko zoncedo ukulandelela i-mileage, ezifuna izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kunye neziseko zonxibelelwano lwangaphandle.

Omnye weyona miqobo mikhulu yokwamkelwa kwe-EV kwinqanaba labathengi liziseko ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zokutshaja. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-9.6 yezigidi zeezibuko ziya kufuneka ngo-2030 ukulungiselela ukukhula okuqikelelweyo kwemarike ye-EV. Phantse i-80% yaloo mazibuko aya kuba yitshaja yasekhaya, kwaye malunga ne-20% iya kuba yitshaja yoluntu okanye yendawo yokusebenza. Okwangoku, abathengi bayathandabuza ukuthenga isithuthi se-EV ngenxa yoluhlu lwamaxhala - inkxalabo yokuba imoto yabo ayizukwazi ukuthatha uhambo olude ngaphandle kokuba itshajwe, kwaye izitishi zokutshaja aziyi kufumaneka okanye zisebenze kakuhle xa zifuneka.

Iitshaja zikawonke-wonke okanye ekwabelwana ngazo ngokukodwa kufuneka zikwazi ukubonelela ngezakhono zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo rhoqo ubusuku nemini. Umqhubi omisa kwisikhululo sokutshaja ecaleni kohola wendlela usenokufuna intlawulo ekhawulezayo yamandla aphezulu - iinkqubo zokutshaja ezinamandla amakhulu ziya kukwazi ukunika izithuthi ibhetri ekufutshane netshajwe ngokupheleleyo emva kwemizuzu nje embalwa yokutshaja.

Iitshaja ezinesantya esiphezulu zifuna iingqwalasela ezithile zoyilo ukuze zisebenze ngokuthembekileyo. Izakhono zokupholisa ulwelo ziyimfuneko ukugcina izikhonkwane zokutshaja kwiqondo lobushushu elilelona lifanelekileyo kunye nokwandisa ixesha apho isithuthi sinokuhlawuliswa ngemisinga ephezulu. Kwiindawo ezixineneyo zokutshaja iinqwelo-mafutha, ukugcina izikhonkwane zoqhagamshelwano zipholile kuya kudala ukutshaja okusebenzayo nokungaguquguqukiyo okuthembekileyo okuthe gqolo kokutshaja kwamandla okuhlangabezana nokuhamba rhoqo kwemfuno yokutshaja kwabathengi.

INGQWELO YOYILO YOYILO LWESHAJA KAKHULU

Iitshaja ze-EV ziya zisanda ukwakhiwa ngokugxila ekwandiseni uburhabaxa kunye nesakhono sokutshaja samandla aphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabaqhubi be-EV kunye nokoyisa uluhlu lwamaxhala. Itshaja ye-EV enamandla amakhulu ene-amps ezingama-500 yenziwe ukuba ikwazi ukupholisa ulwelo kunye nenkqubo yokubeka iliso - umthuthi woqhagamshelwano kwikhonkco lokutshaja ubonisa ukuqhutyelwa kwe-thermal kwaye usebenza njengendawo yokutshisa ubushushu njengoko into epholileyo ikhupha ubushushu ngokusebenzisa imibhobho yokupholisa edibeneyo. Ezi tshaja ziqulethe iintlobo ngeentlobo zezivamvo, kubandakanywa izivamvo zokuvuza okupholisayo kunye nokujongwa kobushushu obuchanekileyo kulo lonke uqhagamshelwano lwamandla ukuqinisekisa ukuba izikhonkwane azigqithi kuma-90 degrees celcius. Ukuba loo mqobo ufikeleleke, umlawuli wokutshaja kwisikhululo sokutshaja unciphisa umbane ophumayo ukugcina ubushushu obamkelekileyo.

Iitshaja ze-EV nazo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nokuguga kunye nokukrazuka kwaye zigcinwe lula. Izibambo zokutshaja ze-EV ziyilelwe ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula, ukuphatha ngokurhabaxa ekuhambeni kwexesha okuchaphazela ubuso bokukhwelana akunakuphepheka. Ngokunyukayo, iitshaja ziyilwa kunye namacandelo emodyuli, evumela ukutshintshwa lula kobuso bokukhwelana.
Ulawulo lwekhebula kwizikhululo zokutshaja lukwayingqwalasela ebalulekileyo yokuphila ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka. Iintambo zokutshaja ezinamandla amakhulu zineentambo zobhedu, iingcingo zokupholisa ulwelo, kunye neentambo ezisebenza ngamandla kodwa kusafuneka zimelane nokutsalwa okanye ukuqhutywa. Olunye uqwalaselo lubandakanya iiletshi ezitshixwayo, ezivumela umqhubi ukuba ahambe (Ukumodareyitha kobuso bokukhwelana kunye nomfanekiso wokuqukuqela kokupholisa) ukutshaja isithuthi sakhe kwisikhululo sikawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ukuba kukho umntu onokuqhawula intambo.