Uyikhupha njani iCable yokuTjaja ye-EV efanelekileyo?

Njengoko izithuthi zombane (EVs) zisiya zithandwa kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeetshaja ze-EV. Ukusuka kwiitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 ezisebenzisa i-120-volt eqhelekileyo ukuya kwiitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC ezinokubonelela ngentlawulo epheleleyo ngaphantsi kweyure, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshaja ezilungele iimfuno zakho. Kule post yebhlog, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetshaja ze-EV kunye nezinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga.

Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1

Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 lolona hlobo lusisiseko lwetshaja yemoto yombane ekhoyo. Basebenzisa i-outlet esemgangathweni ye-120-volt, njengokuba ubuya kuyifumana nakweliphi na ikhaya, ukutshaja ibhetri yemoto yakho yombane. Ngenxa yoku, ngamanye amaxesha abantu bazibiza ngokuba "ziitshaja ezikhohlisayo" kuba zibonelela ngentlawulo ecothayo kwaye ezinzileyo.

Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 zikholisa ukutshaja ibhetri yemoto ixesha elide kuneetshaja ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Itshaja yenqanaba loku-1, efana neNissan Leaf, inokuthatha malunga neeyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 ukutshaja imoto eqhelekileyo yombane ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokutshaja liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo webhetri yemoto kunye nenqanaba lentlawulo eseleyo. Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 zifanele izithuthi zombane ezineebhetri ezincinci okanye ezicothayo imihla ngemihla.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zeetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 kukulula kwazo. Zilula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye azifuni naluphi na ukufakelwa okukhethekileyo. Uzifakela ngokulula kwindawo yokuphuma eqhelekileyo kwaye emva koko uqhaga intambo yokutshaja kwimoto yakho. Zikwangabizi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokutshaja.

Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zeetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1

Njengayo nayiphi na itekhnoloji, iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 zineenzuzo kunye nezingeloncedo zombini. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zokusebenzisa itshaja yeNqanaba loku-1:

IiPros:

Elula kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Ixabiso eliphantsi xa lithelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokutshaja.

Akukho kufakelo lukhethekileyo olufunekayo.

Ingasetyenziswa nakweyiphi na indawo yokuphuma esemgangathweni.

Ububi:

Ixesha lokutshaja elicothayo.

Umthamo webhetri olinganiselwe.

Isenokungalungeli iimoto zombane ezineebhetri ezinkulu okanye iimoto ezinde.

Isenokungahambelani nazo zonke iimoto zombane.

Imizekelo yeetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1

Zininzi ezahlukeneyo iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 ezikhoyo kwimarike. Nazi ezinye iimodeli ezidumileyo:

1. ILectron Level 1 EV Itshaja:

Itshaja yeLectron yeNqanaba loku-1 ye-EV ine-12-amp yokutshaja isakhono. Le tshaja ilungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya okanye ekuhambeni. Ungayigcina kwi-trunk yakho kwaye uyiplage nanini na xa ufumana indawo yokuphuma, uyenze ibe yinto eguquguqukayo kwaye ephathwayo.

2. Itshaja ye-AeroVironment TurboCord 1 EV:

I-AeroVironment TurboCord Level 1 EV Charger yenye iplagi yetshaja ephathekayo kwi-outlet eqhelekileyo ye-120-volt. Ihambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-amps ezili-12 zamandla okutshaja kwaye inokuhlawulisa isithuthi sombane ukuya kuthi ga kathathu ngokukhawuleza kunomgangatho oqhelekileyo wokutshaja weNqanaba loku-1.

3. Itshaja ye-EV yeNqanaba loku-1 leBosch: 

Itshaja ye-EV yeNqanaba loku-1 le-Bosch yitshaja ehlangeneyo, ekhaphukhaphu eplaga kwisixhobo esiqhelekileyo se-120-volt. Ihambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 amps yamandla okutshaja kwaye inokuhlawula ngokupheleleyo uninzi lwezithuthi zombane ngobusuku.

Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2

Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zinokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuneetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifakwe kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye zorhwebo kwaye ziyakwazi ukuhambisa isantya sokutshaja ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-25 zoluhlu ngeyure. Ezi tshaja zifuna i-240-volt outlet, efana nohlobo lwe-outlet esetyenziselwa izixhobo ezinkulu ezifana nezomisi zombane.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zeetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 kukukwazi kwabo ukubiza i-EV ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kuneetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1. Oku kubenza babe lolona khetho lungcono kubaqhubi be-EV abafuna ukutshaja kwakhona izithuthi zabo rhoqo okanye babe nohambo olude lwemihla ngemihla. Ukongeza, iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zihlala zineempawu ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nokuqhagamshelwa kwe-WiFi kunye nee-apps ze-smartphone, ezinokubonelela ngolwazi olungakumbi malunga nenkqubo yokutshaja.

Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zeetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2

Nazi ezinye izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezibi kwiitshaja zeNqanaba 2:

IiPros:

Amaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza: Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zinokutshaja i-EV ukuya kuthi ga kahlanu ngokukhawuleza kuneetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1.

Isebenza kakhulu: Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zisebenza ngakumbi kuneetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1, oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokutshaja ingachitha amandla amancinci.

Ingcono kuhambo lomgama omde: Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zifaneleka ngakumbi kuhambo lomgama omde kuba zibiza ngokukhawuleza.

Ifumaneka kwiziphumo ezahlukeneyo zamandla: Iitshaja zeNqanaba le-2 zifumaneka kwiimveliso zamandla ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-16 amps ukuya kwi-80 amps, ezenza zilungele iindidi ezininzi zezithuthi zombane.

Ububi:

Iindleko zokufakela: Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zifuna umthombo wamandla we-240-volt, onokufuna umsebenzi owongezelelweyo wombane kwaye unokunyusa iindleko zokufakela.

Ayizifanelanga zonke izithuthi zombane: Ezinye iimoto zombane zisenokungahambelani neetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 ngenxa yokukwazi ukutshaja.

Ukufumaneka: Iitshaja zeNqanaba 2 zisenokungagqibi njengeetshaja zeNqanaba 1, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.

Imizekelo yeetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2

1. MIDA Cable Group:

Ngothotho lwayo oluphambili lwetshaja ye-EV, iMida yenze imitsi ebalulekileyo kwimarike yehlabathi. Olu chungechunge lubandakanya iimodeli ezininzi ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zokutshaja zabanini be-EV. Umzekelo, iimodeli ze-BASIC kunye ne-APP zilungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya. I-RFID (intlawulo) kunye neemodeli ze-OCPP ziyafumaneka ngeenjongo zorhwebo ezifana nokuhlawulwa-ukuya-epakini.

2.ChargePoint Home Flex:

Le tshaja ehlakaniphile, i-WiFi-enabled Level 2 itshaja inokunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 amps yamandla kwaye ihlawulise i-EV ukuya kumaxesha amathandathu ngokukhawuleza kune-standard Level 1 tshaja. Inoyilo oluthambileyo, oludibeneyo kwaye inokufakwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

3.Ibhokisi yeJuice Pro 40:

Le tshaja yeNqanaba le-2 ephezulu inokunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 amps yamandla kwaye ihlawulise i-EV nje ngeeyure ezingama-2-3. Isebenza nge-WiFi kwaye inokulawulwa nge-app ye-smartphone, ikwenza kube lula ukulandelela inkqubela yokutshaja kunye nokulungelelanisa useto ukude.

DC Fast Chargers

Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-Dc, okanye iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-3, yeyona ndlela yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwizithuthi zombane. Ezi tshaja zibonelela ngamanqanaba aphezulu amandla okuhlawula ibhetri ye-EV ngokukhawuleza. Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zihlala zifunyanwa ecaleni kwendlela okanye kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kwaye zinokubiza i-EV ngokukhawuleza. Ngokungafaniyo neNqanaba loku-1 kunye neetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2, ezisebenzisa amandla e-AC, iitshaja ze-DC Fast zisebenzisa amandla e-DC ukutshaja ibhetri ngokuthe ngqo.

Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC isebenze ngakumbi kwaye ikhawuleza kuneNqanaba loku-1 kunye neNqanaba lesi-2 lokutshaja. Imveliso yamandla yeetshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC ziyahluka, kodwa zinokubonelela ngentlawulo yeemayile ezingama-60-80 zoluhlu ngemizuzu nje engama-20-30. Ezinye iitshaja ezitsha ze-DC Fast zinokubonelela ngamandla afikelela kuma-350kW, zitshaja i-EV ukuya kuma-80% kwimizuzu nje eyi-15-20.

Iipros and cons of DC Fast charger

Ngelixa kukho iingenelo ezininzi zokusebenzisa itshaja yeDC, kukwakho nezinye iingxaki ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

IiPros:

Ukhetho olukhawulezayo lokutshaja kwii-EVs.

Ilungele ukuhamba umgama omde.

Ezinye iitshaja ezitsha zeDC Fast zibonelela ngemveliso yamandla aphezulu, zinciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokutshaja.

Ububi:

Kuyabiza ukufakela nokugcina.

Ayifumaneki ngokubanzi njengeetshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 kunye neNqanaba lesi-2.

Ezinye ii-EV ezindala zisenokungahambelani neetshaja ze-DC Fast.

Ukutshaja kumanqanaba aphezulu ombane kunokubangela ukonakala kwebhetri ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Imizekelo yeetshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeetshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC ezikhoyo kwimarike. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

1. Tesla Supercharger:

Le yitshaja ekhawulezayo yeDC eyenzelwe ngokukodwa izithuthi zombane zeTesla. Inokuhlawula i-Model S, i-Model X, okanye i-Model 3 ukuya kwi-80% malunga nemizuzu engama-30, inikezela ukuya kwii-170 zeekhilomitha zoluhlu. Inethiwekhi yeSupercharger iyafumaneka kwihlabathi jikelele.

2. EVgo Fast Charger :

Le tshaja ekhawulezayo ye-DC yenzelwe iindawo zorhwebo nezoluntu kwaye inokuhlawula izithuthi ezininzi zombane ngaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-30. Ixhasa imigangatho yokutshaja i-CHAdeMO kunye neCCS kwaye ibonelela nge-100 kW yamandla.

3. ABB Terra DC Fast Charger:

Le tshaja yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa koluntu kunye nabucala kwaye ixhasa imigangatho yokutshaja i-CHAdeMO kunye neCCS. Inika amandla afikelela kuma-50 kW kwaye inokuhlawulisa uninzi lwezithuthi zombane ngaphantsi kweyure.

Iitshaja ezingenazingcingo

Iitshaja ezingenazingcingo, okanye iitshaja zokungenisa, yindlela efanelekileyo yokubiza isithuthi sakho sombane ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kweentambo. Iitshaja ezingenazingcingo zisebenzisa umhlaba wemagnethi ukuhambisa amandla phakathi kwephedi yokutshaja kunye nebhetri ye-EV. Iphedi yokutshaja ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwigaraji okanye indawo yokupaka, ngelixa i-EV inekhoyili yomamkeli efakwe ngaphantsi. Xa ezi zimbini zikufutshane, i-magnetic field ibangela umbane okhoyo kwikhoyili ye-receiver, ebiza ibhetri.

IiPros and Cons of the Wireless Chargers

Njengayo nayiphi na itekhnoloji, iitshaja ezingenazingcingo zineengenelo kunye nokungeloncedo kwazo. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilungileyo kunye neengozi zokusebenzisa itshaja engenazingcingo kwi-EV yakho:

IiPros:

Akukho zintambo zifunekayo, ezinokuthi zibe lula kwaye zithandeke ngobuhle.

Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kungekho mfuneko yokuplaga ngokwasemzimbeni kwisithuthi.

Ilungele izikhululo zokutshaja zasekhaya, apho imoto ipakishwe kwindawo enye ubusuku ngabunye.

Ububi:

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunezinye iindidi zeetshaja, ezinokubangela amaxesha okutshaja amade.

Ayifumaneki ngokubanzi njengezinye iindidi zeetshaja, ngoko ke ukufumana itshaja engenazingcingo kunokuba nzima.

Ibiza kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zeetshaja ngenxa yeendleko ezongezelelweyo zephedi yokutshaja kunye nekhoyili yomamkeli.

Imizekelo yeetshaja ezingenazingcingo

Ukuba unomdla ekusebenziseni itshaja engenazingcingo kwi-EV yakho, nantsi imizekelo embalwa onokuyiqwalasela:

1. Evatran Plugless L2 Itshaja engenazingcingo:

Le tshaja engenazingcingo iyahambelana neemodeli ezininzi ze-EV kwaye inereyithi yokutshaja eyi-7.2 kW.

2. Inkqubo yokuTjaja okungenazingcingo ye-HEVO: 

Le tshaja engenazingcingo yenzelwe izithuthi zorhwebo kwaye inokubonelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 kW yamandla okuhlawula iimoto ezininzi ngaxeshanye.

3. WiTricity Wireless Charging System:

Le tshaja engenazingcingo isebenzisa iteknoloji yokudibanisa imagnethi kwaye inokubonelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-11 kW yamandla. Iyahambelana neemodeli ezahlukeneyo ze-EV, kubandakanya iTesla, iAudi, kunye neBMW.

Ukuqukumbela

Isishwankathelo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetshaja ze-EV ziyafumaneka kwimarike. Iitshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 zezona zisisiseko kwaye zicotha, ngelixa iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zibonelela ngamaxesha okutshaja akhawulezayo. Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zezona zikhawulezayo kodwa zikwabiza kakhulu. Iitshaja ezingenazingcingo nazo ziyafumaneka kodwa azisebenzi kwaye zithatha ixesha elide ukutshaja i-EV.

Ikamva lokutshaja kwe-EV liyathembisa, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ekhokelela kukhetho olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo ngakumbi lokutshaja. Oorhulumente kunye neenkampani zabucala nabo batyala imali eninzi ekwakheni izikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ukwenza ukuba ii-EV zifikeleleke ngakumbi.

Njengoko abantu abaninzi betshintshela kwizithuthi zombane, ukukhetha uhlobo olululo lwetshaja oluhambelana neemfuno zakho kubalulekile. Ishaja yeNqanaba loku-1 okanye iNqanaba lesi-2 inokwanela ukuba unohambo olufutshane lokuhamba yonke imihla. Nangona kunjalo, iitshaja ezikhawulezayo zeDC zinokuba yimfuneko ukuba uhamba rhoqo imigama emide. Ukwenza utyalo-mali kwisikhululo sokutshaja sasekhaya nako kungayindlela eyonga iindleko. Kubalulekile ukuphanda nokuthelekisa iitshaja ezahlukeneyo kunye neendleko zokufakela phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo.

Ngokubanzi, kunye neziseko zokutshaja ezimiselwe kakuhle, izithuthi zombane zinamandla okuba yinto ezinzileyo nefanelekileyo yothutho kwixesha elizayo.