Kwishyuza Byombi ni iki?

Hamwe na EV nyinshi, amashanyarazi agenda munzira imwe - uhereye kumashanyarazi, gusohoka kurukuta cyangwa izindi mbaraga zinjira muri bateri. Hariho ikiguzi kigaragara kubakoresha amashanyarazi kandi, hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyibicuruzwa byose biteganijwe kuba EV mu mpera zimyaka icumi, umutwaro wiyongera kuri gride zikoreshwa cyane.

Kwishyuza byerekezo byombi bigufasha kwimura ingufu mubundi buryo, kuva muri bateri ukajya mubindi bitari moteri yimodoka. Mugihe cyo guhagarara, EV ihujwe neza irashobora kohereza amashanyarazi munzu cyangwa mubucuruzi kandi igakomeza ingufu muminsi myinshi, inzira izwi kwizina ryimodoka (V2H) cyangwa ibinyabiziga byubaka (V2B).

Icyifuzo cyinshi, EV yawe irashobora kandi gutanga imbaraga kumurongo mugihe ibisabwa ari byinshi - vuga, mugihe cy'ubushyuhe mugihe buriwese akoresha ibyuma bizana umuyaga - kandi wirinde guhungabana cyangwa umwijima. Ibyo bizwi nkibinyabiziga-kuri-gride (V2G).

Urebye ko imodoka nyinshi zicara ziparitse 95%, ni ingamba zishishikaje.

Ariko kugira imodoka ifite ubushobozi bwibice byombi nibice byingana. Ukeneye kandi charger idasanzwe yemerera ingufu gutembera munzira zombi. Twashoboraga kubona ko nko mumwaka utaha: Muri kamena, dcbel ikorera i Montreal yatangaje ko sitasiyo yayo ya r16 yo mu rugo ibaye amashanyarazi ya mbere y’ibice bibiri byemewe byemewe gukoreshwa muri Amerika.

Indi charger yuburyo bubiri, Quasar 2 yo muri Wallbox, izaboneka kuri Kia EV9 mugice cya mbere cya 2024.

Usibye ibyuma, uzakenera kandi amasezerano yo guhuza uruganda rwawe rwamashanyarazi, ukemeza ko kohereza amashanyarazi hejuru bitazarenga gride.

Niba kandi ushaka kwishura bimwe mubishoramari byawe hamwe na V2G, uzakenera software iyobora sisitemu kugirango igumane urwego rwamafaranga wishimiye mugihe ubonye igiciro cyiza cyingufu ugurisha. Umukinnyi ukomeye muri ako karere ni Fermata Energy, Charlottesville, isosiyete ikorera muri Virijiniya yashinzwe mu 2010.

Uwashinze David Slutzky agira ati: "Abakiriya biyandikisha ku rubuga rwacu kandi dukora ibintu byose bya gride." Ntibagomba kubitekerezaho. ”

Fermata yafatanije nabapilote benshi ba V2G na V2H muri Amerika. Muri Alliance Centre, umwanya uhoraho wo gukorana na Denver, ibibabi bya Nissan byacometse mumashanyarazi ya Fermata byerekanwa mugihe bidatwarwa hirya no hino. Iki kigo kivuga ko porogaramu ya Fermata isaba-impanuka ishobora kuzigama amadorari 300 buri kwezi ku mushahara w'amashanyarazi hamwe n'ikizwi nko gucunga ibiciro bya metero.

I Burrillville, mu kirwa cya Rhode, ikibabi cyaparitse mu ruganda rutunganya amazi y’amazi cyinjije amadorari agera ku 9000 mu gihe cyizuba, nk'uko Fermata abitangaza ngo mu gusubiza amashanyarazi kuri gride mu gihe cy’ibihe bikomeye.

Kuri ubu ibyinshi muri V2G ni ibigeragezo bito byubucuruzi. Ariko Slutzky avuga ko serivisi zo guturamo vuba aha zizaba hose.

Agira ati: “Ibi ntabwo biri mu gihe kizaza. “Mu byukuri biraba. Ni uko bigiye kwiyongera. ”

Kwishyuza byerekezo: imodoka ijya murugo
Uburyo bworoshye bwimbaraga zombi zizwi nkimodoka yo gupakira, cyangwa V2L. Hamwe na hamwe, urashobora kwishyuza ibikoresho byo gukambika, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi cyangwa ikindi kinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi (kizwi nka V2V). Hariho ubundi buryo butangaje bukoreshwa: Umwaka ushize, umuhanga mu bya urologiya muri Texas Christopher Yang yatangaje ko yarangije vasectomie mu gihe cyo gucika intege akoresha ibikoresho bye na batiri muri pikipiki ye ya Rivian R1T.

Urashobora kandi kumva ijambo V2X, cyangwa imodoka kuri byose. Nibintu bitesha umutwe bishobora kuba ijambo umutaka kuri V2H cyangwa V2G cyangwa ndetse no gucunga gusa, bizwi nka V1G. Ariko abandi mu nganda z’imodoka bakoresha amagambo ahinnye, mu bundi buryo, bashaka kuvuga uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo gutumanaho hagati yikinyabiziga n’ikindi kigo, harimo abanyamaguru, amatara yo ku mihanda cyangwa ibigo by’imodoka.

Mu buryo butandukanye bwo kwishyuza ibyerekezo byombi, V2H ifite inkunga nini, kubera ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere iterwa n’abantu ndetse n’imashanyarazi idahwitse yatumye amashanyarazi arangira cyane. Muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika habaye ibibazo birenga 180 byakomeje kugaragara muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika mu mwaka wa 2020, nk'uko ikinyamakuru Wall Street Journal cyabigaragaje ku makuru ya federasiyo, aho bitageze kuri cumi na bibiri mu 2000.

Ububiko bwa batiri ya EV bufite inyungu nyinshi kurenza moteri ya mazutu cyangwa moteri, harimo ko, nyuma y’ibiza, ubusanzwe amashanyarazi asubizwa vuba kurusha ibindi bitanga lisansi. Amashanyarazi gakondo aranguruye kandi atoroshye kandi asuka imyotsi yangiza.

Usibye gutanga ingufu zihutirwa, V2H irashobora kuzigama amafaranga: Niba ukoresheje ingufu zabitswe kugirango ukoreshe urugo rwawe mugihe ibiciro byamashanyarazi biri hejuru, urashobora kugabanya fagitire zingufu. Kandi ntukeneye amasezerano yo guhuza kuko udasubiza amashanyarazi kuri gride.

Umusesenguzi w'ingufu Eisler avuga ko ariko gukoresha V2H mu mwijima byumvikana gusa ku ngingo.

Agira ati: “Niba urimo kureba aho gride itizewe ndetse ishobora no guhanuka, ugomba kwibaza, iyo mpanuka izamara igihe kingana iki?” Ati: "Uzabasha kwishyuza iyo EV mugihe ubikeneye?"

Kunengwa gutya kwaturutse kuri Tesla - mugihe kimwe n’abashoramari umunsi w’abanyamakuru muri Werurwe aho yatangaje ko izongera imikorere y’ibice bibiri. Muri ibyo birori, umuyobozi mukuru Elon Musk yasuzuguye iyo miterere nk '“bitoroshye.”

Yavuze ati: “Iyo ucometse imodoka yawe, inzu yawe iracura umwijima. Birumvikana ko V2H yaba umunywanyi wa Tesla Powerwall, bateri yizuba ya Musk.

Kwishyuza byerekezo: ibinyabiziga kuri gride

Ba nyiri amazu muri leta nyinshi barashobora kugurisha ingufu zisagutse zitanga hamwe nimirasire y'izuba hejuru yinzu. Byagenda bite se niba miliyoni zirenga 1 ziteganijwe kugurishwa muri Amerika muri uyu mwaka zishobora kubikora?

Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Rochester bavuga ko abashoferi bashobora kuzigama amadolari 120 na $ 150 ku mwaka kuri fagitire y’ingufu.

V2G iracyari mu ntangiriro - amasosiyete y’ingufu aracyashakisha uburyo bwo gutegura gride nuburyo bwo kwishyura abakiriya babagurisha amasaha ya kilowatt. Ariko gahunda y’icyitegererezo iratangira ku isi hose: Californiya ya Pasifika n’amashanyarazi muri Californiya, n’ingirakamaro cyane muri Amerika, yatangiye kwandikisha abakiriya muri miliyoni 11.7 z’amadolari y’Amerika kugira ngo bamenye uko amaherezo azahuza ibice byombi.

Muri gahunda, abakiriya batuye bazahabwa amadolari agera ku 2500 $ y’ikiguzi cyo gushyiramo amashanyarazi abiri kandi bazishyurwa kugirango basubize amashanyarazi kuri gride mugihe hari ikibazo giteganijwe. Bitewe n'uburemere bw'ibikenewe n'ubushobozi abantu bafite ubushake bwo gusezerera, abitabiriye amahugurwa bashobora kwinjiza amadolari 10 na $ 50 kuri buri gikorwa, nk'uko umuvugizi wa PG&E, Paul Doherty yabitangarije dot.LA mu Kuboza,

PG&E yihaye intego yo gutera inkunga miliyoni 3 za EV mu karere kayo ka serivisi mu 2030, aho miliyoni zirenga 2 muri zo zishobora gushyigikira V2G.