V2H V2G V2L Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa mu kwishyuza ibyerekezo byombi?

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwishyuza byerekanwa?
Amashanyarazi abiri arashobora gukoreshwa kubintu bibiri bitandukanye. Icya mbere kandi kivugwa cyane ni Imodoka-kuri-grid cyangwa V2G, yagenewe kohereza cyangwa kohereza ingufu mumashanyarazi mugihe ibisabwa ari byinshi. Niba ibihumbi n'ibinyabiziga bifite tekinoroji ya V2G byacometse kandi bigashobozwa, ibi bifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura uburyo amashanyarazi abikwa kandi akabyara umusaruro munini. EV zifite bateri nini, zikomeye, kuburyo imbaraga zahujwe nibihumbi n'ibinyabiziga hamwe na V2G zishobora kuba nini. Menya ko V2X ari ijambo rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa mugusobanura ibintu bitatu bitandukanye byasobanuwe hepfo.

Ibinyabiziga-kuri-gride cyangwa V2G - EV yohereza ingufu mu gushyigikira amashanyarazi.
Imodoka-murugo cyangwa V2H - ingufu za EV zikoreshwa mugukoresha urugo cyangwa ubucuruzi.
Ikinyabiziga-kiremereye cyangwa V2L * - EV irashobora gukoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi cyangwa kwishyuza izindi EV
* V2L ntisaba charger yuburyo bubiri gukora

Ikoreshwa rya kabiri rya chargeri ya EV byombi ni kubinyabiziga-murugo cyangwa V2H. Nkuko amazina abigaragaza, V2H ituma EV ikoreshwa nka sisitemu yo murugo kugirango ibike ingufu zizuba zirenze kandi zikoreshe urugo rwawe. Kurugero, sisitemu isanzwe ya batiri yo murugo, nka Tesla Powerwall, ifite ubushobozi bwa 13.5kWh. Ibinyuranye, impuzandengo ya EV ifite ubushobozi bwa 65kWh, ihwanye na Tesla Powerwalls hafi eshanu. Bitewe nubushobozi bunini bwa bateri, EV yuzuye yuzuye irashobora gushyigikira urugo rusanzwe muminsi myinshi ikurikiranye cyangwa igihe kinini iyo ihujwe nizuba ryo hejuru.

ibinyabiziga-kuri-grid - V2G
Imodoka-kuri-gride (V2G) niho igice gito cyingufu za batiri zabitswe zoherezwa mumashanyarazi mugihe gikenewe, bitewe na serivise. Kugira uruhare muri gahunda za V2G, birasabwa kwishyiriraho ibice bibiri bya DC hamwe na EV ihuza. Byumvikane ko, hari uburyo bwo gushishikarizwa gukora ibi kandi ba nyiri EV bahabwa inguzanyo cyangwa kugabanya amashanyarazi. EV hamwe na V2G irashobora kandi gutuma nyirayo yitabira gahunda yingufu zamashanyarazi (VPP) kugirango atezimbere imiyoboro ya gride nogutanga amashanyarazi mugihe gikenewe cyane. Hafi ya EV nkeya kuri ubu zifite V2G hamwe nubushobozi bwa DC bwo kwishyuza; muribi harimo icyitegererezo cya Nissan Leaf (ZE1) hamwe na Mitsubishi Outlander cyangwa Eclipse icomeka muri Hybride.

Nubwo byamenyekanye, kimwe mubibazo byo gutangiza ikoranabuhanga rya V2G ni imbogamizi zogutegekwa no kubura protocole isanzwe ihuza ibice byombi. Amashanyarazi abiri, kimwe nizuba ryizuba, bifatwa nkubundi buryo bwo kubyara amashanyarazi kandi bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano no guhagarika mugihe habaye ikibazo cya gride. Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bigerweho, bamwe mu bakora ibinyabiziga, nka Ford, bakoze sisitemu yoroshye yo kwishyiriraho AC ikoresha ibyerekezo ikora gusa na Ford EVs kugirango itange amashanyarazi murugo aho kohereza muri gride. Abandi, nka Nissan, bakora bakoresheje charger zuburyo bubiri nka Wallbox Quasar, yasobanuwe muburyo burambuye hepfo. Wige byinshi kubyiza byikoranabuhanga rya V2G.
Muri iki gihe, EV nyinshi zifite ibikoresho bisanzwe byishyurwa CCS DC. Kugeza ubu, EV yonyine ikoresha icyambu cya CCS mu kwishyuza ibyerekezo byombi ni Ford F-150 Umurabyo uherutse gusohoka. Nyamara, EV nyinshi zifite ibyambu bya CCS zizaboneka zifite ubushobozi bwa V2H na V2G mugihe cya vuba, hamwe na VW itangaza ko indangamuntu yimodoka yamashanyarazi ishobora gutanga ibyerekezo byombi mugihe cya 2023.
2. Imodoka ijya murugo - V2H
Imodoka-ku-nzu (V2H) isa na V2G, ariko ingufu zikoreshwa mugukoresha ingufu murugo aho kugaburirwa mumashanyarazi. Ibi bifasha EV gukora nka sisitemu isanzwe ya batiri yo murugo kugirango ifashe kongera kwihaza, cyane cyane iyo ihujwe nizuba ryo hejuru. Nyamara, inyungu zigaragara cyane za V2H nubushobozi bwo gutanga imbaraga zinyuma mugihe cyijimye.

Kugirango V2H ikore, bisaba kwishyiriraho ibice bibiri bya EV hamwe nibikoresho byongeweho, harimo metero yingufu (metero CT) yashyizwe kumurongo nyamukuru uhuza. Imetero ya CT ikurikirana ingufu zituruka kuri gride. Iyo sisitemu imenye ingufu za gride zikoreshwa nurugo rwawe, byerekana ko amashanyarazi ya EV yerekanwe kugirango asohore amafaranga angana, bityo azimye ingufu zose zivuye muri gride. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo sisitemu ibonye ingufu zoherezwa mumirasire y'izuba hejuru yinzu, ihindura ibi kugirango yishyure EV, bisa cyane nuburyo amashanyarazi ya EV akora. Kugirango ushoboze kugarura imbaraga mugihe habaye umwijima cyangwa byihutirwa, sisitemu ya V2H igomba kuba ishobora kumenya imiyoboro ya gride ikayitandukanya numuyoboro ukoresheje umuhuza wikora (switch). Ibi bizwi nkizinga, kandi inverter yuburyo bubiri ikora nka inverter ya off-grid ikoresheje bateri ya EV. Ibikoresho byo kwigunga bya gride birasabwa kugirango ushoboze gukora backup, cyane nka inverter ya inverter ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya batiri yinyuma.