Nigute ushobora kuvana umugozi wa EV wishyuza?

Mugihe ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi (EV) bigenda byamamara, ni ngombwa kumva ubwoko butandukanye bwa chargeri ya EV. Kuva kurwego rwa 1 rukoresha amashanyarazi asanzwe ya volt 120 kugeza kuri DC Amashanyarazi yihuta ashobora gutanga amafaranga yuzuye mugihe kitarenze isaha, hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kwishyuza kugirango uhuze ibyo ukeneye. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzasesengura ubwoko butandukanye bwa chargeri ya EV nibyiza nibibi.

Urwego rwa 1 Amashanyarazi

Urwego rwa 1 charger nubwoko bwibanze bwimodoka zamashanyarazi zirahari. Bakoresha icyuma gisanzwe cya volt 120, nkuko wasanga murugo urwo arirwo rwose, kugirango bishyure bateri yimodoka yawe yamashanyarazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, rimwe na rimwe abantu babita "trickle chargers" kuko batanga amafaranga atinze kandi ahamye.

Amashanyarazi yo mu rwego rwa 1 mubisanzwe yishyuza bateri yikinyabiziga kurenza igihe cyo hejuru. Amashanyarazi yo mu rwego rwa 1, nka Nissan Leaf, arashobora gufata amasaha agera kuri 8 kugeza 12 kugirango yishyure imodoka isanzwe yamashanyarazi. Ariko, igihe cyo kwishyuza kiratandukanye bitewe nubushobozi bwa bateri yimodoka hamwe nurwego rusigaye rwo kwishyuza. Amashanyarazi yo mu rwego rwa 1 akwiranye n’ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi hamwe na bateri nto cyangwa umuvuduko wo gutwara buri munsi.

Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi byumuriro wo murwego rwa 1 nuburyo bworoshye. Biroroshye gukoresha kandi ntibisaba kwishyiriraho bidasanzwe. Uracomeka gusa mumasoko asanzwe hanyuma ugacomeka umugozi wumuriro mumodoka yawe. Nibindi bihendutse ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo kwishyuza.

Ibyiza n'ibibi byo murwego rwa 1

Kimwe n'ikoranabuhanga iryo ari ryo ryose, charger zo mu rwego rwa 1 zifite ibyiza n'ibibi. Dore bimwe mubyiza nibibi byo gukoresha charger yo murwego rwa 1:

Ibyiza:

Biroroshye kandi byoroshye gukoresha.

Ntibihendutse ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo kwishyuza.

Nta kwishyiriraho bidasanzwe bisabwa.

Irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe nibisanzwe.

Ibibi:

Buhoro buhoro.

Ubushobozi buke bwa bateri.

Ntishobora kuba ibereye mumashanyarazi afite bateri nini cyangwa intera ndende.

Ntishobora guhuzwa nimodoka zose zamashanyarazi.

Ingero za charger zo murwego rwa 1

Hano hari charger nyinshi zitandukanye zo murwego rwa 1 ziboneka kumasoko. Dore zimwe mu ngero zizwi:

1. Lectron Urwego 1 EV Amashanyarazi:

Urwego rwa Lectron Urwego 1 EV charger ifite ubushobozi bwa 12 amp. Iyi charger iratangaje gukoreshwa murugo cyangwa mugenda. Urashobora no kuyibika mumurongo wawe hanyuma ukayicomeka igihe cyose ubonye aho usohokera, ukabigira uburyo butandukanye kandi bworoshye.

2. AeroVironment TurboCord Urwego 1 EV Amashanyarazi:

AeroVironment TurboCord Urwego 1 EV Amashanyarazi nayandi mashanyarazi ashobora kwinjizwa mumashanyarazi asanzwe ya volt 120. Itanga amps agera kuri 12 yingufu zumuriro kandi irashobora kwishyuza ikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi inshuro zigera kuri eshatu kurenza icyuma gisanzwe cya 1.

3. Bosch Urwego 1 EV Amashanyarazi: 

Urwego rwa Bosch Urwego rwa 1 EV ni charger yoroheje, yoroheje yoroheje icomeka mumashanyarazi asanzwe ya volt 120. Itanga amps agera kuri 12 yingufu zumuriro kandi irashobora kwishyuza byuzuye ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ijoro ryose.

Urwego rwa 2 Amashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 arashobora gutanga amashanyarazi byihuse kuruta urwego rwa 1. Mubisanzwe byashyizwe ahantu hatuwe cyangwa mubucuruzi kandi birashobora gutanga umuvuduko wo kwishyuza kugera kuri kilometero 25 intera kumasaha. Amashanyarazi arasaba 240-volt isohoka, bisa nubwoko bwibisohoka bikoreshwa mubikoresho binini nkamashanyarazi.

Imwe mu nyungu zibanze zamashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwishyuza EV byihuse kuruta urwego rwa 1. Ibi bituma bahitamo neza kubashoferi ba EV bakeneye kwishyuza imodoka zabo kenshi cyangwa bafite urugendo rurerure rwa buri munsi. Byongeye kandi, charger zo murwego rwa 2 akenshi zifite ibintu byinyongera, nka WiFi ihuza na porogaramu za terefone, zishobora gutanga amakuru menshi yerekeye uburyo bwo kwishyuza.

Ibyiza n'ibibi byo murwego rwa 2

Hano hari ibyiza n'ibibi bya charger zo mu rwego rwa 2:

Ibyiza:

Ibihe byo kwishyuza byihuse: Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 arashobora kwishyuza EV inshuro zigera kuri eshanu kurenza amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 1.

Birenzeho: Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 arakora neza kuruta urwego rwa 1 rwamashanyarazi, bivuze ko inzira yo kwishyuza ishobora gutakaza ingufu nke.

Ibyiza byurugendo rurerure: Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 arakwiriye cyane kurugendo rurerure kuko yishyuza vuba.

Kuboneka mumashanyarazi atandukanye: charger zo murwego rwa 2 ziraboneka mumashanyarazi atandukanye, kuva kuri amps 16 kugeza kuri amps 80, bigatuma bikenerwa nubwoko bwinshi bwimodoka zamashanyarazi.

Ibibi:

Igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho: Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 akenera ingufu za 240-volt yumuriro, zishobora gusaba akazi k’amashanyarazi kandi zishobora kongera amafaranga yo kwishyiriraho.

Ntibikwiye kubinyabiziga byose byamashanyarazi: Imodoka zimwe zamashanyarazi ntizishobora guhuzwa na charger yo murwego rwa 2 kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwishyuza.

Kuboneka: Amashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 2 ntashobora kuba yuzuye nkamashanyarazi yo murwego rwa 1, cyane cyane mucyaro.

Ingero za charger zo murwego rwa 2

1. Itsinda rya Cable ya MIDA:

Hamwe na seriveri yambere ya char charger, Mida yateye intambwe igaragara kumasoko yisi. Urukurikirane rurimo moderi nyinshi zagenewe guhuza ibikenewe bitandukanye no kwishyuza ibidukikije bya ba nyiri EV. Kurugero, Moderi ya BASIC na APP nibyiza gukoreshwa murugo. Moderi ya RFID (fagitire) na OCPP irahari kubikorwa byubucuruzi nko kwishyura-parike.

2.ChargePoint Murugo Flex:

Iyi charger yubwenge, ikoreshwa na WiFi yo murwego rwa 2 irashobora gutanga amps 50 yingufu kandi ikishyuza EV inshuro zigera kuri esheshatu kurenza charger isanzwe yo murwego rwa 1. Ifite igishushanyo cyiza, cyoroshye kandi gishobora gushyirwaho mumazu no hanze.

3.JuiceBox Pro 40:

Iyi charger ifite ingufu nyinshi murwego rwa 2 irashobora gutanga amps 40 yingufu kandi ikishyuza EV mugihe cyamasaha 2-3. Ifite WiFi kandi irashobora kugenzurwa hifashishijwe porogaramu ya terefone, byoroshye gukurikirana iterambere ryishyurwa no guhindura igenamiterere rya kure.

DC Amashanyarazi Yihuta

Dc Amashanyarazi yihuta, cyangwa urwego rwa 3, nuburyo bwihuse bwo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Amashanyarazi atanga imbaraga nyinshi zo kwishyuza bateri ya EV vuba. DC Amashanyarazi yihuta aboneka mumihanda nyabagendwa cyangwa ahantu nyabagendwa kandi irashobora kwishyuza vuba EV. Bitandukanye na charger yo murwego rwa 1 nu rwego rwa 2, ikoresha ingufu za AC, amashanyarazi yihuta ya DC akoresha ingufu za DC kugirango yishyure bateri mu buryo butaziguye.

Ibi bivuze ko uburyo bwo kwishyuza bwa DC bwihuse bukora neza kandi bwihuse kuruta urwego rwa 1 nu Rwego rwa 2. Imbaraga zamashanyarazi ya DC yihuta iratandukanye, ariko mubisanzwe irashobora gutanga amafaranga ya kilometero 60-80 muminota 20-30 gusa. Amashanyarazi mashya ya DC yihuta arashobora gutanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 350kW, akishyuza EV kugeza 80% muminota 15-20.

Ibyiza n'ibibi bya DC Amashanyarazi yihuta

Mugihe hari inyungu nyinshi zo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya DC, hari ningaruka zimwe zo gusuzuma:

Ibyiza:

Uburyo bwihuse bwo kwishyuza kuri EV.

Byoroshye gukora urugendo rurerure.

Amashanyarazi mashya ya DC yihuta atanga ingufu nyinshi, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo kwishyuza.

Ibibi:

Birahenze gushiraho no kubungabunga.

Ntabwo biboneka cyane nkurwego rwa 1 nu Rwego rwa 2.

Imashini zimwe zishaje ntizishobora guhuzwa na DC yihuta.

Kwishyuza kurwego rwo hejuru birashobora gutera bateri kwangirika mugihe.

Ingero za DC Amashanyarazi yihuta

Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa DC Byihuta byihuta biboneka kumasoko. Dore ingero zimwe:

1. Amashanyarazi ya Tesla:

Nibikoresho byihuta bya DC byabugenewe byimodoka ya Tesla. Irashobora kwishyuza Model S, Model X, cyangwa Model 3 kugeza 80% muminota igera kuri 30, itanga ibirometero bigera kuri 170. Umuyoboro wa Supercharger uraboneka kwisi yose.

2. Imashanyarazi yihuta ya EVgo:

Iyi charger yihuta ya DC yagenewe ahantu h'ubucuruzi n’ahantu hahurira abantu benshi kandi irashobora kwishyuza imodoka nyinshi zamashanyarazi muminota 30. Ifasha ibipimo byo kwishyuza CHAdeMO na CCS kandi itanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 100.

3. ABB Terra DC Amashanyarazi yihuse:

Iyi charger yagenewe gukoreshwa rusange n’abikorera ku giti cyabo kandi ishyigikira ibipimo byishyurwa bya CHAdeMO na CCS. Itanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 50 kW kandi irashobora kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byinshi byamashanyarazi mugihe cyisaha.

Amashanyarazi adafite insinga

Amashanyarazi adafite insinga, cyangwa charger ya inductive, nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyuza imodoka yawe yamashanyarazi nta mananiza y'umugozi. Amashanyarazi adafite amashanyarazi akoresha umurima wa magneti kugirango wohereze ingufu hagati yumuriro wumuriro na bateri ya EV. Amashanyarazi asanzwe ashyirwa mu igaraje cyangwa ahaparikwa, mugihe EV ifite igiceri cyakira gishyizwe munsi. Iyo byombi biri hafi, umurima wa magneti utera amashanyarazi mumashanyarazi yakira, yishyuza bateri.

Ibyiza n'ibibi bya Wireless Chargers

Kimwe n'ikoranabuhanga iryo ari ryo ryose, charger zidafite umugozi zifite ibyiza n'ibibi. Dore bimwe mubyiza nibibi byo gukoresha charger idafite umugozi kuri EV yawe:

Ibyiza:

Nta mugozi usabwa, ushobora kuba woroshye kandi ushimishije.

Biroroshye gukoresha, nta mpamvu yo gucomeka mumodoka.

Nibyiza kuri sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho urugo, aho imodoka ihagarara ahantu hamwe buri joro.

Ibibi:

Ntibikora neza kurenza ubundi bwoko bwa charger, bishobora kuvamo igihe kinini cyo kwishyuza.

Ntabwo biboneka cyane nkubundi bwoko bwa charger, kubwibyo kubona charger idafite umugozi birashobora kugorana.

Birahenze kuruta ubundi bwoko bwa chargeri bitewe nigiciro cyiyongereye cya paje yo kwishyuza hamwe na coil yakira.

Ingero za Wireless Chargers

Niba ushishikajwe no gukoresha charger idafite umugozi kuri EV yawe, dore ingero nke ugomba gusuzuma:

1. Evatran Amacomeka L2 Amashanyarazi adafite insinga:

Iyi charger idafite umugozi irahuza na moderi nyinshi za EV kandi ifite igipimo cya 7.2 kWt.

2. Sisitemu yo Kwishyuza Wireless HEVO: 

Iyi charger idafite umugozi yagenewe amato yubucuruzi kandi irashobora gutanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 90 kwaka amashanyarazi icyarimwe.

3. Sisitemu yo kwishyuza WiTricity Wireless:

Iyi charger idafite umugozi ikoresha tekinoroji ya magnetiki ihuza kandi irashobora gutanga ingufu zingana na 11 kWt. Ihuza na moderi zitandukanye za EV, harimo Tesla, Audi, na BMW.

Umwanzuro

Muncamake, ubwoko butandukanye bwa charger ziraboneka kumasoko. Urwego rwa 1 charger nizo shingiro kandi zitinda, mugihe urwego rwa 2 charger zirasanzwe kandi zitanga ibihe byihuse. DC Amashanyarazi yihuta niyo yihuta ariko kandi ahenze cyane. Amashanyarazi adafite insinga nayo arahari ariko ntabwo akora neza kandi bifata igihe kinini kugirango yishyure EV.

Igihe kizaza cyo kwishyuza EV kiratanga ikizere, hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga riganisha kumahitamo yihuse kandi meza. Guverinoma n’ibigo byigenga na byo birashora imari mu kubaka sitasiyo nyinshi zishyuza rubanda kugira ngo EV igerweho.

Nkuko abantu benshi bahindukira mumodoka yamashanyarazi, guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa charger bujyanye nibyo ukeneye ni ngombwa. Urwego rwa 1 cyangwa urwego rwa 2 charger irashobora kuba ihagije niba ufite ingendo ngufi za buri munsi. Ariko, amashanyarazi ya DC yihuta arashobora gukenerwa mugihe ukunze gukora urugendo rurerure. Gushora imari muri sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho birashobora kandi kuba uburyo buhendutse. Ni ngombwa gukora ubushakashatsi no kugereranya charger zitandukanye hamwe nigiciro cyo kwishyiriraho mbere yo gufata icyemezo.

Muri rusange, hamwe nibikorwa remezo byashizweho neza, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite amahirwe yo kuba inzira irambye kandi yoroshye yo gutwara abantu ejo hazaza.