Kodi Tesla NACS idzagwirizanitsa njira zolipirira zaku North America?

Kodi Tesla adzagwirizanitsa njira zolipirira zaku North America?

M'masiku owerengeka chabe, miyezo ya ku North America yolipiritsa yatsala pang'ono kusintha.
Pa Meyi 23, 2023, Ford idalengeza modzidzimutsa kuti ipezanso masiteshoni a Tesla ndipo itumiza kaye ma adapter kuti alumikizane ndi zolumikizira za Tesla kwa eni ake a Ford kuyambira chaka chamawa, kenako mtsogolomo. Magalimoto amagetsi a Ford adzagwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji mawonekedwe a Tesla, omwe amathetsa kufunikira kwa ma adapter ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji ma network onse a Tesla ku United States.

Masabata awiri pambuyo pake, pa Juni 8, 2023, CEO wa General Motors Barra ndi Musk adalengeza pamsonkhano wa Twitter Spaces kuti General Motors atengera mulingo wa Tesla, muyezo wa NACS (Tesla amatcha mawonekedwe ake opangira North American Charging Standard (NACS mwachidule), ofanana. kupita ku Ford, GM idakhazikitsanso kusinthika kwa mawonekedwe opangira izi m'magawo awiri Kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2024, ma adapter adzaperekedwa kugalimoto yamagetsi ya GM eni ake, ndiyeno kuyambira mu 2025, magalimoto atsopano amagetsi a GM adzakhala ndi ma NACS opangira ma interfaces mwachindunji pagalimoto.

Izi zitha kunenedwa kuti ndizovuta kwambiri pamiyezo ina yolipira (makamaka CCS) yomwe yakhala pamsika waku North America. Ngakhale makampani atatu okha amagalimoto, Tesla, Ford ndi General Motors, ndi omwe adalowa nawo muyeso wa mawonekedwe a NACS, kutengera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi komanso msika wamagalimoto opangira ma charger ku United States mu 2022, ndi anthu ochepa omwe amakhala mgululi. msika waukulu kwambiri: awa 3 Kugulitsa magalimoto amagetsi amakampaniwa kumapitilira 60% yamagalimoto amagetsi aku US, ndipo Tesla's NACS kuyitanitsanso mwachangu. amawerengera pafupifupi 60% ya msika waku US.

2. Nkhondo yapadziko lonse yolimbana ndi zolumikizirana zolipiritsa
Kuphatikiza pa kuchepa kwa maulendo apanyanja, kumasuka komanso kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kulinso cholepheretsa kutchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi. Komanso, kuwonjezera pa teknoloji yokha, kusagwirizana kwa miyezo yolipiritsa pakati pa mayiko ndi zigawo kumapangitsanso kuti chitukuko cha makampani opangira ndalama chikhale chochepa komanso chokwera mtengo.
Panopa padziko lapansi pali miyezo isanu yolipirira: CCS1 (CCS=Combined Charging System) ku North America, CCS2 ku Europe, GB/T ku China, CHAdeMO ku Japan, ndi NACS yoperekedwa kwa Tesla.

Pakati pawo, Tesla yekha ndi amene nthawi zonse amaphatikiza AC ndi DC, pamene ena ali ndi AC (AC) yopangira ma interfaces ndi DC (DC) yolowera.
Ku North America, CCS1 ndi Tesla's NACS zolipiritsa miyezo pakali pano ndizo zikuluzikulu. Izi zisanachitike, panali mpikisano wowopsa kwambiri pakati pa CCS1 ndi mulingo wa CHAdeMO waku Japan. Komabe, ndi kugwa kwa makampani Japanese pa njira koyera magetsi m'zaka zaposachedwapa, makamaka kuchepa kwa Nissan Leaf, yapita koyera magetsi malonda ngwazi ku North America, zitsanzo wotsatira Ariya anasintha kwa CCS1, ndipo CHAdeMO anagonjetsedwa North America. .
Makampani angapo akulu amagalimoto aku Europe asankha muyezo wa CCS2. China ili ndi mtengo wake wolipiritsa wa GB/T (pakali pano ikulimbikitsa m'badwo wotsatira wa ChaoJi), pomwe Japan ikugwiritsabe ntchito CHAdeMO.
Muyezo wa CCS umachokera ku muyezo wa DC wophatikizika wophatikizika wochajitsa kutengera mulingo wa SAE wa Society of Automotive Engineers ndi muyezo wa ACEA wa European Automotive Industry Association. "Fast Charging Association" inakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo pa msonkhano wa 26th World Electric Vehicle ku Los Angeles, USA ku 2012. M'chaka chomwecho, makampani asanu ndi atatu akuluakulu a galimoto a ku America ndi Germany kuphatikizapo Ford, General Motors, Volkswagen, Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche ndi Chrysler adakhazikitsa ogwirizana Muyezo wothamangitsa magalimoto amagetsi udatulutsa mawu ndipo pambuyo pake adalengeza kukwezedwa kogwirizana kwa muyezo wa CCS. Zinadziwika mwachangu ndi mabungwe amakampani aku America ndi Germany.
Poyerekeza ndi CCS1, ubwino wa NACS wa Tesla ndi: (1) kuwala kwambiri, pulagi yaing'ono imatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zapang'onopang'ono komanso kuthamanga mofulumira, pamene CCS1 ndi CHAdeMO ndizovuta kwambiri; (2) magalimoto onse a NACS onse amathandizira ndondomeko ya data kuti athe kulipira plug-ndi-play. Aliyense amene amayendetsa galimoto yamagetsi pamsewu waukulu ayenera kudziwa izi. Kuti mulipirire, mungafunike kutsitsa mapulogalamu angapo ndikusanthula nambala ya QR kuti mulipire. Ndizovuta kwambiri. zosokoneza. Ngati mutha kumangiriza ndikusewera ndikulipira, zochitikazo zikhala bwino kwambiri. Ntchitoyi pakadali pano imathandizidwa ndi mitundu ingapo ya CCS. (3) Mawonekedwe akulu a netiweki a Tesla amapatsa eni magalimoto mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto awo. Chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti poyerekeza ndi milu yolipiritsa ya CCS1, kudalirika kwa milu yolipiritsa ya Tesla ndikokwera komanso zomwe zimachitika ndizabwinoko. zabwino.

Kuyerekeza kwa Tesla NACS charger standard ndi CCS1 charger standard
Uku ndiye kusiyana kwa kulipiritsa mwachangu. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito aku North America omwe amangofuna kulipira pang'onopang'ono, mulingo wa J1772 wacharge umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma Tesla onse amabwera ndi adapter yosavuta yomwe imawalola kugwiritsa ntchito J1772. Eni ake a Tesla amakonda kuyika ma charger a NACS kunyumba, omwe ndi otsika mtengo.
Kwa malo ena opezeka anthu ambiri, monga mahotela, Tesla adzagawira ma charger a NACS pang'onopang'ono kumahotela; ngati Tesla NACS ikhala muyezo, ndiye kuti J1772 yomwe ilipo idzakhala ndi adaputala yosinthira kukhala NACS.
3. Standard VS ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito
Mosiyana ndi China, yomwe ili ndi zofunikira zogwirizana ndi dziko lonse, ngakhale CCS1 ndiye mulingo wolipiritsa ku North America, chifukwa chomanga koyambirira komanso kuchuluka kwa ma netiweki a Tesla, izi zapangitsa kuti North America ikhale yosangalatsa kwambiri, ndiye kuti: ambiri The CCS1 muyezo wothandizidwa ndi mabizinesi (pafupifupi makampani onse kupatula Tesla) kwenikweni ndi ochepa; m'malo mwa mawonekedwe amtundu wa Tesla chojambulira, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.
Vuto pakukwezeleza mawonekedwe a Tesla amalipira ndikuti siwoyenera kuperekedwa kapena kuzindikiridwa ndi bungwe lililonse la miyezo, chifukwa kuti likhale lokhazikika, liyenera kudutsa njira zoyenera za bungwe lachitukuko. Ndilo yankho la Tesla palokha, ndipo ili ku North America (ndi misika ina monga Japan ndi South Korea).
M'mbuyomu, Tesla adalengeza kuti ipereka chilolezo "zaulere" koma ndi zinthu zina zomwe zaphatikizidwa, zomwe ochepa adalandira. Tsopano popeza Tesla yatsegula kwathunthu ukadaulo wake wolipiritsa ndi zinthu, anthu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito popanda chilolezo cha kampani. Kumbali ina, malinga ndi ziwerengero za msika waku North America, mtengo wa Tesla wolipirira mulu / siteshoni ndi pafupifupi 1/5 ya muyezo, zomwe zimapatsa mwayi wokwera mtengo polimbikitsa. Nthawi yomweyo, June 9, 2023, ndiye kuti, Ford ndi General Motors atalowa nawo Tesla NACS, White House idatulutsa nkhani kuti Tesla's NACS ilandilanso ndalama zolipirira milu kuchokera kwa oyang'anira Biden. Izi zisanachitike, Tesla sanali woyenera.
Kusuntha uku kwamakampani aku America ndi boma kumamva ngati kuyika makampani aku Europe patsamba lomwelo. Ngati mulingo wa Tesla wa NACS ukhoza kugwirizanitsa msika waku North America, ndiye kuti zolipiritsa padziko lonse lapansi zipanga njira yatsopano yapatatu: China's GB/T, Europe CCS2, ndi Tesla NACS.

Posachedwa, Nissan adalengeza mgwirizano ndi Tesla kuti atengere North American Charging Standard (NACS) kuyambira 2025, pofuna kupatsa eni ake a Nissan njira zambiri zolipiritsa magalimoto awo amagetsi. M'miyezi iwiri yokha, opanga magalimoto asanu ndi awiri, kuphatikiza Volkswagen, Ford, General Motors, Rivian, Volvo, Polestar, ndi Mercedes-Benz, alengeza mapangano olipira ndi Tesla. Kuphatikiza apo, pasanathe tsiku limodzi, oyendetsa ma netiweki anayi akumayiko ena akunja ndi opereka chithandizo adalengeza nthawi imodzi kukhazikitsidwa kwa muyezo wa Tesla NACS. $New Energy Vehicle Leading ETF(SZ159637)$

Tesla ali ndi kuthekera kophatikiza milingo yolipiritsa m'misika yaku Europe ndi America.

Pakali pano pali ma seti 4 a miyezo yolipiritsa yodziwika bwino pamsika, yomwe ndi: muyezo waku Japan CHAdeMo, muyezo waku China GB/T, muyezo waku Europe ndi waku America CCS1/2, ndi muyezo wa NACS wa Tesla. Monga momwe mphepo imasiyanirana ndi mailo kupita ku mailosi ndipo miyambo imasiyana kuchokera pa kilomita imodzi kupita ku kilomita imodzi, miyeso yoyendetsera yosiyana ndi imodzi mwa "zopunthwitsa" pakukula kwadziko lonse kwa magalimoto amphamvu atsopano.

Monga tonse tikudziwira, dola yaku US ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, choncho ndizovuta kwambiri. Poganizira izi, Musk adapezanso masewera akulu poyesa kuwongolera mulingo wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kumapeto kwa 2022, Tesla adalengeza kuti idzatsegula mulingo wa NACS, kuwulula cholumikizira chake cholumikizira cholumikizira, ndikuyitanitsa makampani ena amagalimoto kuti atengere mawonekedwe a NACS pamagalimoto opangidwa mochuluka. Pambuyo pake, Tesla adalengeza kutsegulidwa kwa ma network apamwamba kwambiri. Tesla ili ndi netiweki yotsogola kwambiri ku United States, kuphatikiza masiteshoni opitilira 1,600 komanso milu yopitilira 17,000. Kupeza ma network apamwamba kwambiri a Tesla kumatha kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri pomanga netiweki yodzipangira yokha. Pofika pano, Tesla yatsegula maukonde ake olipira kumitundu ina yamagalimoto m'maiko 18 ndi zigawo.

Zachidziwikire, Musk sangalekere China, msika wawukulu wamagalimoto atsopano padziko lonse lapansi. Mu Epulo chaka chino, Tesla adalengeza kutsegulidwa kwa oyendetsa ndege ku China. Gulu loyamba la oyendetsa oyendetsa masiteshoni 10 othamangitsa kwambiri ndi amitundu 37 omwe si a Tesla, omwe amaphimba mitundu yambiri yotchuka pansi pamitundu monga BYD ndi "Wei Xiaoli". M'tsogolomu, Tesla charging network idzayalidwa kudera lalikulu ndipo kuchuluka kwa mautumiki amitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana kudzakulitsidwa mosalekeza.

Mu theka loyamba la chaka chino, dziko langa linatumiza magalimoto atsopano amphamvu a 534,000, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa nthawi za 1.6, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale dziko loyamba padziko lonse lapansi pogulitsa malonda a magalimoto atsopano. Pamsika waku China, ndondomeko zatsopano zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zapakhomo zidapangidwa kale ndipo mafakitale adapangidwa kale. Mulingo wapadziko lonse wa GB/T 2015 waphatikizidwa ngati muyezo. Komabe, kusagwirizana kwa mawonekedwe olipira kumawonekerabe pamagalimoto ambiri otumizidwa kunja ndi kunja. Panali malipoti oyambilira kuti sizikufanana ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wadziko lonse. Eni galimoto amatha kulipira pamilu yapadera yolipiritsa. Ngati akufunika kugwiritsa ntchito milu yoyendetsera dziko lonse, amafunikira adaputala yapadera. (Mkonzi sakanachitira mwina koma kuganiza za zida zina zochokera kunja zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba ndili mwana. Panalinso chosinthira pa socket. Matembenuzidwe a ku Ulaya ndi America anali osokonezeka. Ngati ndingayiwale tsiku lina, wosokoneza dera akhoza ulendo .

Kuphatikiza apo, miyezo yolipiritsa ya China idapangidwa molawirira kwambiri (mwina chifukwa palibe amene amayembekezera kuti magalimoto atsopano amatha kukula mwachangu), mphamvu yolipiritsa yadziko lonse imayikidwa pamlingo wokhazikika - voteji yayikulu ndi 950v, 250A pazipita pano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zake zongoyerekeza zikhale zosakwana 250kW. Mosiyana ndi izi, mulingo wa NACS womwe umayang'aniridwa ndi Tesla pamsika waku North America sikuti uli ndi pulagi yaing'ono yolipiritsa, komanso imaphatikizanso kuyitanitsa kwa DC/AC, ndi liwiro la kuthamanga mpaka 350kW.

Komabe, monga osewera otsogola pamagalimoto amagetsi atsopano, kuti alole kuti miyezo yaku China "ipite padziko lonse lapansi", China, Japan ndi Germany adapanga limodzi "ChaoJi" yatsopano yolipiritsa. Mu 2020, CHAdeMO yaku Japan idatulutsa muyezo wa CHAdeMO3.0 ndikulengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawonekedwe a ChaoJi. Kuphatikiza apo, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) yatenganso yankho la ChaoJi.

Malingana ndi mayendedwe amakono, mawonekedwe a ChaoJi ndi mawonekedwe a Tesla NACS akhoza kukumana ndi mutu ndi mutu m'tsogolomu, ndipo m'modzi yekha wa iwo akhoza kukhala "Mawonekedwe a Type-C" m'munda wa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. Komabe, momwe makampani amagalimoto ochulukira amasankha njira ya "kujowina ngati simungathe kuigonjetsa", kutchuka kwaposachedwa kwa mawonekedwe a Tesla a NACS kwapitilira zomwe anthu amayembekeza. Mwina palibe nthawi yochuluka yotsalira kwa ChaoJi?