Kodi cholumikizira cha NACS cha Tesla supercharging Station ndi chiyani?

Kodi cholumikizira cha NACS cha Tesla supercharging Station ndi chiyani?

Mu June 2023, Ford ndi GM adalengeza kuti asintha kuchoka ku Combined Charging System (CCS) kupita ku Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS) zolumikizira za ma EV awo amtsogolo. Pasanathe mwezi umodzi Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, ndi Volvo adalengezanso kuti athandizira mulingo wa NACS wamagalimoto awo aku US m'zaka zikubwerazi. Kusintha kwa NACS kuchokera ku CCS kukuwoneka kuti kwasokoneza mawonekedwe a galimoto yamagetsi (EV), koma ndi mwayi waukulu kwa opanga ma charger ndi ma charger point operators (CPOs). Ndi NACS, ma CPO azitha kulipira ma Tesla EV oposa 1.3 miliyoni pamsewu ku US.

Kodi NACS ndi chiyani?
NACS ndiye mulingo wa Tesla yemwe kale anali mwini wake wa Direct current (DC) wothamanga kwambiri, yemwe poyamba ankadziwika kuti "Tesla charger cholumikizira." Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magalimoto a Tesla kuyambira 2012 ndipo mapangidwe ogwirizanitsa adapezeka kwa opanga ena mu 2022. Anapangidwira zomangamanga za batri za 400-volt za Tesla ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi zolumikizira zina za DC. Cholumikizira cha NACS chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma supercharger a Tesla, omwe pakali pano amalipira mpaka 250kW.

Kodi Tesla Magic Dock ndi chiyani?
Magic Dock ndi chaja cha Tesla cha mbali ya NACS kupita ku adaputala ya CCS1. Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya ma charger a Tesla ku US ali ndi Magic Dock, omwe amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha adaputala ya CCS1 akamalipira. Madalaivala a EV ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Tesla pama foni awo kuti azilipiritsa ma EV awo ndi ma charger a Tesla, ngakhale atagwiritsa ntchito adaputala ya Magic Dock CCS1. Nayi kanema wa Magic Dock akugwira ntchito.

Kodi CCS1/2 ndi chiyani?
Muyezo wa CCS (Combined Charging System) udapangidwa mu 2011 ngati mgwirizano pakati pa US ndi Germany automaker. Muyezowu umayang'aniridwa ndi CharIn, gulu la opanga magalimoto ndi ogulitsa. CCS ili ndi zolumikizira zapano (AC) ndi DC. GM anali woyamba kupanga magalimoto kugwiritsa ntchito CCS pagalimoto yopanga-Chevy Spark ya 2014. Ku America, cholumikizira cha CCS nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "CCS1."

CCS2 idapangidwanso ndi CharIn, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku Europe. Ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe okulirapo kuposa CCS1 kuti agwirizane ndi gridi yamagetsi yamagawo atatu a AC aku Europe. Magetsi amagetsi a magawo atatu a AC amanyamula mphamvu zambiri kuposa ma gridi agawo limodzi omwe amapezeka ku US, koma amagwiritsa ntchito mawaya atatu kapena anayi m'malo mwa awiri.

CCS1 ndi CCS2 zonse zidapangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito ndi ma batire amphamvu kwambiri a 800v komanso kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga mpaka kupitirira 350kW.

Nanga CHAdeMO?
CHAdeMO ndi mulingo wina wolipiritsa, womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu 2010 ndi CHAdeMo Association, mgwirizano pakati pa Tokyo Electric Power Company ndi makampani asanu akuluakulu opanga magalimoto ku Japan. Dzinali ndi chidule cha “CHArge de MOve” (chimene bungweli limamasulira kuti “charge for move”) ndipo lachokera ku mawu achijapani akuti “o CHA deMO ikaga desuka,” amene amamasulira kuti “Bwanji kapu ya tiyi?” kutanthauza nthawi yomwe ingatenge kuti mutengere galimoto. CHAdeMO nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi 50kW, komabe makina ena opangira magetsi amatha 125kW.

Nissan Leaf ndi EV yodziwika bwino ya CHAdeMO ku US. Komabe, mu 2020, Nissan adalengeza kuti idzasamukira ku CCS kwa Ariya crossover SUV yake yatsopano ndipo idzasiya Leaf nthawi ina pafupi ndi 2026. Pakadali makumi masauzande a Leaf EVs pamsewu ndipo ma charger ambiri a DC adzasungabe zolumikizira za CHAdeMO.

Kodi zonsezi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Opanga magalimoto osankha NACS adzakhala ndi vuto lalikulu pamakampani opangira ma EV pakanthawi kochepa. Malinga ndi US department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, pali pafupifupi 1,800 malo opangira Tesla ku US poyerekeza ndi malo opangira 5,200 CCS1. Koma pali madoko pafupifupi 20,000 a Tesla omwe amachapira anthu poyerekeza ndi madoko pafupifupi 10,000 a CCS1.

Ngati oyendetsa ma charger akufuna kutulutsa ma Ford ndi GM EV atsopano, afunika kusintha zina mwazolumikizira ma charger awo a CCS1 kukhala NACS. Ma charger othamanga a DC ngati Tritium's PKM150 azitha kukhala ndi zolumikizira za NACS posachedwa.

Mayiko ena aku US, monga Texas ndi Washington, aganiza zofuna malo olipiritsa omwe amathandizidwa ndi National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) kuti aphatikizepo zolumikizira zingapo za NACS. Makina athu othamangitsa othamanga a NEVI amatha kukhala ndi zolumikizira za NACS. Ili ndi ma charger anayi a PKM150, otha kutulutsa 150kW kwa ma EV anayi nthawi imodzi. Posachedwapa, zitheka kukonzekeretsa charger iliyonse ya PKM150 ndi cholumikizira chimodzi cha CCS1 ndi cholumikizira chimodzi cha NACS.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za ma charger athu komanso momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi zolumikizira za NACS, funsani katswiri wathu lero.

Mwayi wa NACS
Ngati oyendetsa ma charger akufuna kuyitanitsa ma Ford ambiri amtsogolo, GM, Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, Volvo, ndipo mwina ma EV ena okhala ndi zolumikizira za NACS, afunika kusintha ma charger omwe alipo. Kutengera machunidwe a charger, kuwonjezera cholumikizira cha NACS kungakhale kophweka ngati kulowetsa chingwe ndikusintha pulogalamu ya charger. Ndipo ngati awonjezera NACS, azitha kulipira ma Tesla EV pafupifupi 1.3 miliyoni pamsewu.