Kodi Zigawo Zazikulu za EV Charger ndi ziti

Mawu Oyamba

Magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) atchuka kwambiri chifukwa chokonda zachilengedwe komanso kutsika mtengo pamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, kuti ma EV apitirize kuyenda, eni ake a EV ayenera kuwalipiritsa pafupipafupi. Apa ndipamene ma charger a EV amabwera. Ma charger a EV ndi zida zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zamagetsi kuti ziziwonjezeranso mabatire a magalimoto amagetsi. Ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso choyambira pazigawo zawo kuti mumvetsetse momwe ma charger a EV amagwirira ntchito. Mu blog iyi, tiwona zigawo zazikulu za ma charger a EV ndi kufunikira kwake pakuyitanitsa magalimoto amagetsi.

Kufotokozera Mwachidule za EV Charger

Ma charger a EV ndi zida zomwe zimapereka magetsi ku mabatire a magalimoto amagetsi. Amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma level 1, level 2, ndi ma level 3 charger. Ma charger agalimoto yamagetsi a Level 1 ndiwo amachedwetsa kwambiri, amapereka mphamvu zofikira ma 120 volts alternating current (AC) mpaka 2.4 kilowatts (kW). Ma charger a Level 2 amathamanga kwambiri, amapereka mphamvu yofikira 240 volts ndi 19 kW. Ma charger a Level 3, omwe amadziwikanso kuti DC Fast charger, ndi omwe ali othamanga kwambiri, omwe amapereka mpaka 480 volts yamphamvu yapano (DC) mpaka 350 kW yamagetsi. Ma charger othamanga a DC nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamalonda ndipo amatha kulipiritsa kwathunthu ku EV pakangopita mphindi 30.

Kufunika Kwa Kumvetsetsa Zazigawo Zazikulu Za Ma EV Charger

Kumvetsetsa zigawo zazikulu za ma charger a EV ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, zimalola eni eni a EV kusankha mtundu woyenera wa charger wamagalimoto awo komanso zosowa zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, atha kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi odalirika kwambiri opanga zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Zimathandiziranso eni eni a EV kuthana ndi zovuta zolipiritsa ndikukonza ma charger ofunikira.

Pomaliza, kumvetsetsa zigawo zazikulu za ma charger a EV ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo cha njira yolipirira. Podziwa momwe ma charger a EV amagwirira ntchito, eni eni a EV atha kutenga njira zopewera kuwopsa kwamagetsi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulipiritsa ndi kotetezeka komanso kothandiza.

Magetsi

Mphamvu zamagetsi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za ma charger a EV. Imasintha mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC kapena DC ya grid kuti ikhale voteji yoyenera ndi yapano kuti muyipitse batire la EV. Chigawo chamagetsi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chosinthira, chowongolera, komanso chowongolera.

Mitundu Yamagetsi Amagetsi

Ma charger a EV amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamagetsi: AC ndi DC. Ma charger a Level 1 ndi Level 2 amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a AC, ndipo amasintha mphamvu ya AC kuchokera pagululi kukhala magetsi oyenera komanso omwe amafunikira kuti azilipiritsa batire la EV. Kumbali ina, ma charger a Level 3 amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a DC, ndipo amasintha mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi kukhala magetsi oyenera komanso omwe amafunikira kuti azilipiritsa batire la EV.

Kufunika Kwa Magetsi Pakuthamanga Kwachangu ndi Mwachangu

Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la ma charger a EV, chifukwa limatsimikizira kuthamanga komanso kuthamanga. Ikhoza kulipiritsa EV mwachangu ngati ili yamphamvu mokwanira, pomwe magetsi opanda mphamvu amatha kubweretsa nthawi yocheperako. Kuonjezera apo, magetsi apamwamba amatha kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka ndalama, kuwonetsetsa kuti amapulumutsa mphamvu komanso kuti kulipiritsa kumakhala kotchipa monga momwe kungathekere. Kumvetsetsa gawo ili la ma charger a EV ndikofunikira pakusankha chojambulira choyenera cha EV ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulipiritsa ndi kothandiza komanso kothandiza.

Cholumikizira

Chojambuliracho chimakhala ndi pulagi, yomwe imapita kumalo olowera galimoto yamagetsi, ndi socket. Pulagi ndi soketi zili ndi mapini omwe amafanana ndikulumikizana kuti apange dera lamagetsi. Zikhomozi zimatha kuthana ndi mafunde apamwamba komanso ma voltages osiyanasiyana popanda kutenthedwa kapena kuyambitsa magetsi.

Mitundu ya zolumikizira

Mitundu ingapo yolumikizira ilipo pakulipiritsa kwa EV, iliyonse ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa. Nazi zina mwazofala kwambiri:

Mtundu 1 (SAE J1772):Cholumikizira ichi chili ndi zikhomo zisanu, ndipo mutha kuziwona makamaka ku North America ndi Japan. Ili ndi mphamvu yocheperako (mpaka 16 amps), yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pamayendedwe apang'onopang'ono komanso apakati.

Mtundu wa 2 (IEC 62196):Cholumikizira chamtunduwu chili ndi mapini asanu ndi awiri. Europe ndi Australia amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Imathandizira milingo yamagetsi apamwamba (mpaka 43 kW), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kulipiritsa mwachangu.

CHADEMO:Cholumikizira ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamagalimoto othamangitsa DC mwachangu ndipo ndizofala ku Japan. Mawonekedwe ake apadera a "mfuti" amatha kupereka magetsi mpaka 62.5 kW yamphamvu.

CCS:Combined Charging System (CCS) ndi cholumikizira chokhazikika chomwe chimaphatikiza cholumikizira cha Type 2 AC ndi ma pini awiri owonjezera a DC. Ikuchulukirachulukira m'magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ndipo imathandizira kuyitanitsa mpaka 350 kW.

Kufunika kofananitsa cholumikizira kugalimoto

Kugwirizana ndi mtundu wolumikizira ku chitsime chanu cha EV kulipiritsa ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwirizana komanso kugwira ntchito motetezeka. Ma EV ambiri amabwera ndi cholumikizira chomwe chimagwirizana ndi madera awo, koma mitundu ina imakulolani kuti musinthe pakati pa mitundu yolumikizira pogwiritsa ntchito ma adapter. Mukasankha malo ochapira, onetsetsani kuti ali ndi cholumikizira chogwirizana ndi EV yanu. Muyeneranso kuyang'ana mphamvu ya cholumikizira ndi siteshoni kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikukwaniritsa zosowa zanu zolipirira.

Chingwe chojambulira

Chingwe chochapirandiye kugwirizana pakati pa malo ochapira ndi EV. Imanyamula mphamvu yamagetsi kuchokera pamalo othamangitsira kupita ku batri ya EV. Ubwino ndi mtundu wa chingwe cholipiritsa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chingakhudze liwiro ndi mphamvu ya njira yolipirira.

Mitundu ya zingwe zopangira

Magawo awiri akulu amakhala ndi chingwe chojambulira cha EV charger: cholumikizira chomwe chimangirira ku EV ndi chingwecho. Chingwecho nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zamphamvu kwambiri monga mkuwa kapena aluminiyamu kuti zipirire kulemera kwa ma EV osiyanasiyana. Amakhala osinthasintha komanso osavuta kuwongolera. Mitundu ingapo ya zingwe zolipiritsa zilipo kwa ma EV, ndipo mtundu wa chingwe wofunikira umadalira kupanga ndi mtundu wagalimotoyo. Zingwe za Type 1 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku North America ndi Japan, pomwe zingwe za Type 2 ndizodziwika ku Europe.

Kufunika kwa kulipiritsa chingwe kutalika ndi kusinthasintha

Kutalika kwa chingwe cholipirira komanso kusinthasintha kumatha kukhudza kusavuta komanso chitetezo cha njira yolipirira. Chingwe chachifupi chingakhale chosavuta kulipiritsa pamalo pomwe pali anthu ambiri kapena mothina, koma chingwe chachitali chingakhale chofunikira pakulipiritsa pamalo otseguka kapena kutali. Chingwe chosinthasintha chikhoza kukhala chosavuta kuchigwira ndikusunga koma chikhoza kukhala chosalimba komanso chowonongeka. Kusankha chingwe cholipiritsa chomwe chili choyenera pazakudya zanu komanso mtundu wa EV ndikofunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholipiritsa chosagwirizana kapena chowonongeka kungayambitse zoopsa zingapo kapena kuwonongeka kwa doko lolipiritsa la EV.

Control Board

Gulu lowongolera ndi ubongo wa malo opangira. Imayendetsa njira yolipirira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti batire ya EV ndi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza. Bungwe lowongolera lopangidwa bwino ndilofunika kuti pakhale kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha malo opangira. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi microcontroller, ma voltage ndi masensa apano, ma relay, ndi zina.

Ntchito za board board

Bungwe loyang'anira limagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi azilipiritsa bwino komanso moyenera. Zina mwa ntchitozi ndi izi:

Kuwongolera pacharge current ndi voltage:Imayang'anira magetsi omwe amaperekedwa ku batri ya EV kutengera momwe amachitira, kutentha, mphamvu ya batri, ndi zina. Ndipo imatsimikizira kulipiritsa batire moyenera kuti iwonjezere moyo wake ndikuletsa kuwonongeka.

Kulankhulana ndi EV:Gulu loyang'anira limalumikizana ndi kompyuta yapa EV kuti isinthane zambiri za momwe batire ilili, kuchuluka kwacharge, ndi magawo ena. Kuyankhulana uku kumapangitsa kuti malo othamangitsira azitha kuwongolera njira yolipirira mtundu wina wa EV.

Kuyang'anira ndondomeko yolipirira:Imayang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse momwe akulipiritsa, kuphatikizapo magetsi, zamakono, ndi kutentha kwa batri ya lithiamu-ion ndi malo opangira. Bungwe loyang'anira limazindikiranso zolakwika zilizonse pamachitidwe owonjezera agalimoto yamagalimoto amagetsi. Pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu pofuna kupewa ngozi, monga kuletsa kulipiritsa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magetsi.

Kufunika kwa bolodi yoyendetsedwa bwino yotetezedwa ndi kudalirika

Gulu loyang'anira lopangidwa bwino ndilofunika kwambiri kuti chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa malo opangira magalimoto amagetsi okha. Imawonetsetsa kuti batire ya EV ndiyoyimbidwa bwino komanso imalepheretsa kuchulukira kapena kutsika, zomwe zingawononge batire. Kumbali ina, bolodi losakonzedwa bwino la malo othamangitsira litha kubweretsa kuyitanitsa kosayenera, kuwonongeka kwa batri, ngakhale zoopsa zachitetezo monga moto kapena kugwedezeka kwamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha malo ochapira omwe ali ndi bolodi yopangidwa bwino ndikutsata malangizo a wopanga kuti azilipira bwino komanso moyenera.

User Interface

Mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito ndi gawo la malo opangira ndalama omwe wogwiritsa ntchito amalumikizana nawo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi sikirini, mabatani, kapena zida zina zolowetsa zomwe zimalola wogwiritsa ntchito kulowetsamo komanso kuyang'anira njira yolipirira. Malo opangira ndalama amatha kuphatikizira kapena kulumikiza mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ku chipangizo china.

Mitundu ya mawonekedwe ogwiritsa ntchito

Malo opangira ma EV amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yolumikizira ogwiritsa ntchito. Zina mwazofala kwambiri ndi izi:

Zenera logwira:Mawonekedwe a touchscreen amalola wogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera njira yolipirira pogogoda pazenera. Ikhoza kuwonetsa zambiri za momwe kulilitsira, monga momwe kuliliritsira, nthawi yotsala, ndi mtengo wake.

Pulogalamu yam'manja:Mawonekedwe a pulogalamu yam'manja amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera njira yolipirira pogwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono kapena piritsi. Pulogalamuyi imatha kupereka zambiri za nthawi yeniyeni yolipiritsa, kupangitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuyamba, kuyimitsa, kapena kukonza zolipiritsa ali kutali.

Wowerenga khadi la RFID:Mawonekedwe owerengera makhadi a RFID amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyambitsa nthawi yolipiritsa posinthana ndi RFID khadi kapena fob. Malo opangira ndalama amazindikira khadi la wogwiritsa ntchito ndikuyamba kuyitanitsa.

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito

Mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi ofunikira kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso kuti azilipira bwino. Mawonekedwe opangidwa bwino ayenera kukhala omveka bwino, osavuta kuyendamo, ndikupereka chidziwitso chomveka bwino komanso chachidule cha njira yolipirira. Iyeneranso kupezeka kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikiza omwe ali olumala kapena osayenda pang'ono. Ndipo mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito angathandizenso kuchepetsa zolakwika za ogwiritsa ntchito ndikupewa zoopsa zachitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, batani lomveka bwino komanso lodziwika bwino loyimitsa mwadzidzidzi limatha kulola wogwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsa kuyitanitsa pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Mapeto

Pomaliza, ma charger a EV ndi gawo lofunikira pamitundu yonse ya ma EV komanso zopangira zolipiritsa zokha, ndipo kumvetsetsa zigawo zawo zazikulu ndikofunikira posankha chojambulira choyenera. Magetsi, chingwe cholipiritsa, cholumikizira, bolodi lowongolera, ndi mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito ndizo zigawo zazikulu za ma charger a EV, chilichonse chimagwira ntchito yofunikira pakulipiritsa. Kusankha ma charger okhala ndi zida zoyenera kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ndikofunikira. Pamene kufunikira kwa ma EV ndi malo ochapira kukukulirakulira, kumvetsetsa zigawozi kudzakhala kofunika kwambiri kwa eni ake a EV ndi mabizinesi.