Njira yatsopano yopangira mwayi wamakampani opanga magalimoto opangira magetsi

1. Mwachidule za chitukuko cha ma module opangira ma module

Ma module opangira magetsi ndiye maziko a milu yolipiritsa ya DC yamagalimoto amagetsi atsopano. Pamene kuchuluka kwa malowedwe ndi umwini wa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano ku China kukukulirakulira, kufunikira kwa milu yolipiritsa kukukulirakulira. Kuthamangitsa galimoto yamagetsi yatsopano kugawidwa mu AC yothamanga pang'onopang'ono ndi DC yothamanga. Kuthamangitsa mwachangu kwa DC kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi okwera, mphamvu zambiri komanso kuthamanga mwachangu. Pamene msika ukutsata kuyendetsa bwino, kuchuluka kwa msika wa milu yothamangitsa ya DC ndi ma module othamangitsa akupitilira kukula. .

2. Mulingo waukadaulo ndi mawonekedwe a gawo la ev charging module

Galimoto yatsopano yopangira mulu wa ev charger module pakadali pano ili ndi zida zaukadaulo monga mphamvu imodzi yayikulu, ma frequency apamwamba, miniaturization, kutembenuka kwakukulu, komanso kuchuluka kwamagetsi.

Pankhani ya mphamvu imodzi ya gawo limodzi, makampani opanga magetsi opangira mulu wothamangitsa mulu wamagetsi akumana ndi chitukuko chodziwika bwino cha 7.5kW mu 2014, 20A ndi 15kW nthawi zonse mu 2015, ndi mphamvu zonse 25A ndi 15kW mu 2016. mphamvu 20 kW ndi 30 kW. Mayankho a module imodzi ndikusintha kukhala 40kW mphamvu zatsopano zopangira mulu wamagetsi agawo limodzi. Ma module opangira mphamvu zambiri akhala akukula msika mtsogolomu.

Pankhani ya magetsi otulutsa, State Grid idatulutsa mtundu wa 2017 wa "Qualification and Ability Verification Standards for Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Suppliers" ponena kuti ma voliyumu otulutsa ma charger a DC ndi 200-750V, ndipo voteji yanthawi zonse imaphimba osachepera. 400-500V ndi 600-750V osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, opanga ma module onse nthawi zambiri amapanga ma module a 200-750V ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi komanso kufunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kuti achepetse nthawi yolipiritsa, makampaniwa apereka malingaliro omanga othamanga kwambiri a 800V, ndipo makampani ena azindikira kupezeka kwa ma module a DC omwe amachapira milu yamagetsi okhala ndi zida zambiri. linanena bungwe voteji osiyanasiyana 200-1000V. .

Pankhani ya maulendo apamwamba kwambiri ndi miniaturization ya ma modules opangira, mphamvu ya ma modules a makina amodzi a magetsi atsopano opangira mphamvu zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera, koma voliyumu yake silingakulitsidwe mofanana. Chifukwa chake, kukulitsa ma frequency osinthira ndikuphatikiza maginito zida zakhala njira zofunika zowonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi.

Pankhani yoyendetsera ma module, makampani akuluakulu mumsika watsopano wamagetsi opangira milu yopangira magetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi 95% -96%. M'tsogolomu, ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zamagetsi monga zipangizo zamagetsi za m'badwo wachitatu komanso kutchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi ndi 800V kapena apamwamba Ndi nsanja yamagetsi apamwamba, makampani akuyembekezeka kubweretsa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuposa 98% .

Pamene kachulukidwe kamphamvu ka ma module othamangitsa akuchulukirachulukira, kumabweretsanso mavuto akulu otaya kutentha. Pankhani ya kutentha kwa ma modules opangira ma modules, njira yamakono yochepetsera kutentha m'makampani imakakamiza kuzizira kwa mpweya, ndipo palinso njira monga kutsekedwa kwa mpweya wozizira komanso kuzizira kwa madzi. Kuziziritsa kwa mpweya kuli ndi ubwino wa mtengo wotsika komanso kapangidwe kosavuta. Komabe, pamene mphamvu ya kutaya kutentha ikuwonjezeka, kuipa kwa kuzizira kwa mpweya kumachepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi phokoso lalikulu zidzawonekeranso. Kukonzekeretsa gawo lolipiritsa ndi mzere wamfuti ndi kuziziritsa kwamadzi kwakhala yankho lalikulu. malangizo luso.

3. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumafulumizitsa mwayi wachitukuko wa kulowa kwamakampani opanga mphamvu zatsopano

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ukadaulo watsopano wamakampani opanga magetsi ukupitilizabe kupita patsogolo komanso kuchita bwino, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa malowedwe kwalimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo kwamakampani opanga ma module akumtunda. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kachulukidwe ka mphamvu ya batri kwathetsa vuto la kusakwanira kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma module othamangitsa mphamvu kwambiri kwafupikitsa nthawi yothamangitsa, motero kumathandizira kulowa kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano ndikumanga milu yothandizira. . M'tsogolomu, kugwirizanitsa ndi kuzama kwa matekinoloje monga kusungirako kuwala ndi kuphatikizira kwacharge ndi kugwirizanitsa magalimoto a V2G akuyembekezeredwa kuti apititse patsogolo kulowetsa kwa mafakitale atsopano a mphamvu ndi kutchuka kwa ntchito.

4. Maonekedwe a mpikisano wamakampani: Magawo opangira ma module amapikisana mokwanira ndipo malo amsika wazinthu ndi akulu.

Module yolipirira ndiye gawo lalikulu la milu yolipiritsa ya DC. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto olowera padziko lonse lapansi, ogula akuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa zolipiritsa komanso kuyitanitsa. Kufunika kwa msika kwa milu yolipiritsa ya DC kwaphulika, ndipo msika wapakhomo wapakhomo wakula kuchokera M'masiku oyambilira, State Grid inali mphamvu yayikulu pakukula kosiyanasiyana. Ogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri omwe ali ndi zida zolipiritsa zopangira ndi zogwirira ntchito adatulukira mwachangu. Opanga ma module othamangitsa pakhomo adapitilizabe kukulitsa kuchuluka kwawo kwa kupanga ndi kugulitsa kuti apange milu yolipirira, ndipo kupikisana kwawo kwakukulu kunapitilirabe kulimbikitsa. .

Pakalipano, patatha zaka zambiri za kubwereza kwa mankhwala ndi chitukuko cha ma modules olipira, mpikisano wamakampani ndi wokwanira. Zogulitsa zazikuluzikulu zikukula molunjika ku voteji yayikulu komanso kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo malo amsika wazinthu ndi akulu. Mabizinesi am'makampani makamaka amapeza magawo apamwamba amsika ndi magawo a phindu popitiliza kuwongolera topology yazinthu, kuwongolera ma aligorivimu, kukhathamiritsa ma hardware ndi makina opanga, ndi zina zambiri.

5. Kukula kwa ma module opangira ev

Pamene ma module opangira ma charger amabweretsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa msika, ukadaulo ukupitilira kukula mpaka kuchulukira kwamphamvu kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa ma voltage, komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu.

1) Kusintha koyendetsedwa ndi ndondomeko kumayendetsedwa ndi zofuna

Pofuna kuthandizira ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, kumanga milu yolipiritsa makamaka kutsogoleredwa ndi boma kumayambiriro, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kutsogolera chitukuko cha mafakitale kupita ku chitsanzo choyendetsa galimoto chokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yothandizira. Kuyambira 2021, kukula kwachangu kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zazikulu pakumanga zithandizo ndi milu yolipiritsa. Makampani opanga milu yolipiritsa akumaliza kusintha kuchokera pamachitidwe oyendetsedwa ndi mfundo kupita ku zofuna.

Poyang'anizana ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, kuwonjezera pakuchulukira kwa milu yolipiritsa, nthawi yolipira iyenera kufupikitsidwa. Milu yolipiritsa ya DC imakhala ndi liwiro lothamanga komanso nthawi yayitali yolipiritsa, yomwe ili yoyenera kuyitanitsa kwakanthawi komanso kwadzidzidzi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi, ndipo imatha kuthetsa mavuto amtundu wamagalimoto amagetsi ndi nkhawa. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwa msika wa DC kulipiritsa mwachangu m'milu yoyitanitsa kumene, makamaka milu yolipiritsa anthu, yakula kwambiri ndipo yakhala chizolowezi m'mizinda yambiri yayikulu ku China.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, mbali imodzi, pamene chiwerengero cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu chikukulirakulirabe, ntchito yomanga milu yolipiritsa iyenera kukonzedwa mosalekeza. Kumbali inayi, ogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi nthawi zambiri amathamangitsa DC mwachangu. Milu yolipiritsa ya DC yakhala njira yodziwika bwino, ndipo ma module opangira nawonso alowanso pakufunika. Gawo lachitukuko lomwe kukoka ndiko mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsera.

(2) High mphamvu kachulukidwe, lonse voteji osiyanasiyana, mkulu kutembenuka dzuwa

Zomwe zimatchedwa kuthamangitsa mofulumira kumatanthauza mphamvu yowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, pakukula kwakukula kwa kuyitanitsa mwachangu, ma module othamangitsa akupitilizabe kutsata mphamvu yayikulu. Mphamvu yapamwamba ya mulu wolipiritsa imapezeka m'njira ziwiri. Imodzi ndikulumikiza ma module othamangitsa angapo mofananira kuti mukwaniritse malo apamwamba; china ndikuwonjezera mphamvu imodzi ya module yolipira. Malingana ndi zofunikira zaumisiri zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, kuchepetsa malo, ndi kuchepetsa zovuta za zomangamanga zamagetsi, kuonjezera mphamvu ya gawo limodzi lacharging ndi chitukuko cha nthawi yaitali. ma module oyendetsera dziko langa adutsa mibadwo itatu yachitukuko, kuyambira m'badwo woyamba 7.5kW mpaka m'badwo wachiwiri 15/20kW, ndipo tsopano ali mu nthawi yotembenuka kuchokera ku m'badwo wachiwiri kupita ku m'badwo wachitatu 30/40kW. Ma module opangira mphamvu zambiri akhala akugulitsa pamsika. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya mapangidwe a miniaturization, mphamvu yamagetsi ya ma modules othamanga yawonjezeka nthawi imodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu.

Pali njira ziwiri zopezera kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa DC kuthamangitsa mwachangu: kukulitsa ma voliyumu ndikuwonjezera magetsi. Njira yolipiritsa pakali pano idakhazikitsidwa koyamba ndi Tesla. Ubwino wake ndi wakuti mtengo wa kukhathamiritsa kwa chigawocho ndi wotsika, koma mkulu wamakono udzabweretsa kutaya kwa kutentha kwakukulu ndi zofunikira zazikulu zowonongeka kwa kutentha, ndipo mawaya owonjezera amachepetsa mosavuta ndikulimbikitsa Pang'ono. Yankho lapamwamba lamagetsi ndilowonjezera mphamvu yowonjezera yogwiritsira ntchito gawo lacharging. Panopa ndi chitsanzo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi opanga magalimoto. Ikhoza kuganizira ubwino wochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kukonza moyo wa batri, kuchepetsa kulemera, ndi kusunga malo. Yankho lapamwamba lamagetsi limafuna magalimoto amagetsi kuti azikhala ndi nsanja yothamanga kwambiri kuti athandizire ntchito zothamangitsa mofulumira. Pakadali pano, njira yothamangitsira mwachangu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi makampani amagalimoto ndi nsanja ya 400V yothamanga kwambiri. Pofufuza ndikugwiritsa ntchito nsanja yamagetsi ya 800V, mphamvu yamagetsi ya module yopangira ipititsidwa patsogolo.

Kuwongolera kwa kutembenuka mtima ndi chizindikiro chaukadaulo chomwe ma module opangira amatsata nthawi zonse. Kuwongolera kwa kutembenuka kumatanthawuza kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri komanso kutayika kochepa. Pakalipano, nsonga yapamwamba kwambiri ya ma module othamangitsira nthawi zambiri ndi 95% ~ 96%. M'tsogolomu, ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zamagetsi monga zipangizo zamagetsi za m'badwo wachitatu ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ma modules opangira ma modules opita ku 800V kapena 1000V, kusintha kwachangu kudzakhala bwino.

(3) Mtengo wa ma module opangira ev ukuwonjezeka

Gawo lolipiritsa ndilo gawo lalikulu la mulu wolipiritsa wa DC, womwe umawerengera pafupifupi 50% ya mtengo wa Hardware wa mulu wolipira. Kuwongolera kokwanira kwa ma charger m'tsogolomu kumatengera kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a ma module opangira. Kumbali imodzi, ma module owonjezera owonjezera olumikizidwa mofananira adzawonjezera mwachindunji mtengo wagawo lolipiritsa; Kumbali ina, kuwongolera kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kachulukidwe ka mphamvu ya gawo limodzi lacharging kumadalira kapangidwe kabwino ka mabwalo amagetsi ndi mapulogalamu owongolera komanso ukadaulo wazigawo zazikulu. Kupititsa patsogolo, awa ndi matekinoloje ofunikira kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu ya mulu wonse wolipiritsa, zomwe zidzawonjezera mtengo wa module yolipira.

6. zotchinga luso mu ev mphamvu kulipiritsa gawo makampani

Ukadaulo wamagetsi ndi phunziro lamitundu yosiyanasiyana lomwe limaphatikiza ukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi, ukadaulo wa digito, ukadaulo wamagetsi, ukadaulo wazinthu, ukadaulo wa semiconductor, ndiukadaulo wamapangidwe amafuta. Ndi makampani opanga ukadaulo. Monga mtima wa mulu wolipiritsa wa DC, gawo lolipiritsa limatsimikizira mwachindunji kuyendetsa bwino, kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito, chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa mulu wothamangitsa, ndipo kufunikira kwake ndi mtengo wake ndizopambana. Chogulitsa chimafunikira ndalama zambiri komanso akatswiri kuyambira pakufufuza zaukadaulo ndi chitukuko mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito ma terminal. Momwe mungasankhire zida zamagetsi ndi masanjidwe, kukweza kwa pulogalamu ya aligorivimu ndi kubwerezabwereza, kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikuchitika, komanso kuwongolera kokhwima komanso kuthekera kwa nsanja zonse zidzakhudza mtundu wa Zogulitsa ndipo kukhazikika kumakhala ndi chiyambukiro chachindunji. Zimakhala zovuta kwa omwe angoyamba kumene kumakampaniwo kuti adziunjike matekinoloje osiyanasiyana, ogwira ntchito, ndi chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yochepa, ndipo ali ndi zotchinga zapamwamba.