Dab tsi yog Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb ntawm EV Chargers

Taw qhia

Cov tsheb hluav taws xob (EVs) tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam vim lawv ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg thiab kev siv nyiaj ntau dua li roj siv. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua kom EVs khiav, EV cov tswv yuav tsum them lawv tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas EV chargers tuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab yooj yim ntawm lawv cov khoom kom nkag siab tias EV chargers ua haujlwm li cas. Hauv blog no, peb yuav tshawb txog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers thiab lawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem them nqi tsheb hluav taws xob.

Kev piav qhia luv luv ntawm EV Chargers

EV chargers yog cov khoom siv uas muab hluav taws xob rau cov roj teeb ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob. Lawv tuaj hauv ntau hom, suav nrog qib 1, qib 2, thiab qib 3 chargers. Theem 1 hluav taws xob tsheb chargers yog qhov qeeb tshaj plaws, muab txog li 120 volts ntawm alternating tam sim no (AC) fais fab thiab mus txog 2.4 kilowatts (kW). Theem 2 chargers yog ceev, muab 240 volts ntawm AC zog thiab 19 kW. Theem 3 chargers, tseem hu ua DC ceev chargers, yog qhov ceev tshaj plaws, muab txog li 480 volts ntawm ncaj qha tam sim no (DC) lub zog thiab txog li 350 kW ntawm lub zog. DC fast chargers feem ntau yog siv rau kev lag luam kev lag luam thiab tuaj yeem muab tus nqi tag nrho rau EV hauv tsawg li 30 feeb.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag siab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm EV Chargers

Nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau qhov laj thawj. Ua ntej, nws tso cai rau cov tswv EV xaiv txoj cai ntawm lub charger rau lawv lub tsheb thiab them cov kev xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem ntseeg siab ua cov kev txiav txim siab ntsig txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws. Nws kuj tseem ua rau cov tswv EV daws teeb meem kev them nyiaj thiab ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas lub charger.

Thaum kawg, nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej cov txheej txheem them nyiaj muaj kev nyab xeeb. Los ntawm kev paub txog yuav ua li cas EV chargers ua haujlwm, EV cov tswv tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ceev faj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab xyuas kom cov txheej txheem them nyiaj muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Fais fab mov

Lub hwj chim mov yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers. Nws hloov cov kab hluav taws xob AC lossis DC hluav taws xob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog voltage thiab tam sim no kom them EV lub roj teeb. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj xws li transformer, rectifier, thiab tswj circuitry.

Hom Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

EV chargers siv ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob: AC thiab DC. Theem 1 thiab theem 2 chargers siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob AC, thiab lawv hloov AC lub zog los ntawm daim phiaj mus rau qhov tsim nyog voltage thiab tam sim no xav tau los them EV lub roj teeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, theem 3 chargers siv cov khoom siv DC fais fab, thiab lawv hloov cov hluav taws xob siab DC los ntawm daim phiaj mus rau qhov tsim nyog voltage thiab tam sim no xav tau los them EV lub roj teeb.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob rau kev them nqi ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo

Lub hwj chim mov yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers, raws li nws txiav txim siab them ceev thiab efficiency. Nws tuaj yeem them tus nqi EV sai dua yog tias nws muaj zog txaus, thaum lub zog qis dua tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm them qeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem them nyiaj, kom ntseeg tau tias nws txuag lub zog thiab cov txheej txheem them nyiaj tau zoo li qhov ua tau. Nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm EV chargers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv lub charger tsim nyog rau EV thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov txheej txheem them nyiaj tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.

Txuas

Lub connector muaj lub plug, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub tsheb fais inlet, thiab lub qhov (socket). Lub plug thiab lub qhov (socket) muaj cov pins uas sib phim thiab txuas mus ua ib qho hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Cov pins no tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau yam ntawm cov hluav taws xob siab thiab qhov hluav taws xob yam tsis muaj cua sov lossis ua rau hluav taws xob arcing.

Hom connectors

Ntau hom kev sib txuas muaj rau EV them, txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Nov yog qee qhov feem ntau:

Hom 1 (SAE J1772):Qhov txuas no muaj tsib tus pins, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom nws feem ntau hauv North America thiab Nyiv. Nws muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg (txog 16 amps), uas ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev them nqi qeeb thiab nruab nrab.

Qauv 2 (IEC 62196):Hom connector no muaj xya tus pins. Tebchaws Europe thiab Australia feem ntau siv nws. Nws txhawb nqa lub zog siab dua (txog 43 kW), uas ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev them nyiaj ceev.

CHADEMO:Cov khoom txuas no yog siv rau hauv tsheb rau DC them ceev ceev thiab muaj nyob rau hauv Nyiv. Nws cov duab "phom" tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem muab hluav taws xob txog li 62.5 kW ntawm lub zog.

CCS:Combined Charging System (CCS) yog tus qauv txuas uas txuas nrog Hom 2 AC txuas nrog ob tus pin DC ntxiv. Nws tau dhau los ua ntau dua hauv cov tsheb thoob ntiaj teb thiab txhawb nqa them txog 350 kW.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib piv cov connector rau lub tsheb

Kev sib txuas hom txuas rau koj lub EV charging zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb. Feem ntau EVs tuaj nrog cov khoom sib txuas ua ke uas haum rau lawv cheeb tsam cov qauv, tab sis qee cov qauv tso cai rau koj hloov ntawm hom txuas siv adapters. Thaum xaiv qhov chaw them nqi, xyuas kom meej tias nws muaj qhov sib txuas rau koj EV. Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub zog ntsuas ntawm lub connector thiab chaw nres tsheb kom paub tseeb tias lawv ua tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau them.

Charge Cable

Lub charger cableyog kev sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj thiab EV. Nws nqa cov hluav taws xob tam sim no los ntawm qhov chaw them nqi mus rau EV lub roj teeb. Qhov zoo thiab hom kev them nyiaj cable siv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nrawm thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem them nyiaj.

Hom kev them nyiaj cables

Ob qhov tseem ceeb suav nrog EV charger's charging cable tivthaiv: lub connector uas txuas rau EV thiab lub cable nws tus kheej. Lub cable feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog xws li tooj liab lossis txhuas los tiv thaiv qhov hnyav ntawm ntau yam EVs. Lawv hloov tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau maneuver. Ntau hom kev them nyiaj cable muaj rau EVs, thiab hom cable xav tau yuav nyob ntawm qhov tsim thiab qauv ntawm lub tsheb. Hom 1 cables feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv North America thiab Nyiv, thaum hom 2 cables yog nrov nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev them cable ntev thiab yoog raws

Lub charger cable ntev thiab yoog raws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov yooj yim thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem them nyiaj. Ib lub xov tooj luv luv yuav yooj yim dua rau kev them nyiaj hauv qhov chaw muaj neeg coob lossis nruj, tab sis ntev dua cable yuav tsim nyog rau kev them nyiaj hauv qhov chaw qhib lossis ntawm qhov chaw nyob deb. Ib lub cable hloov tau yooj yim dua tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim dua thiab khaws cia tab sis tej zaum yuav tsis tshua muaj zog thiab ua rau puas tsuaj. Xaiv lub charger cable haum rau koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab EV qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob tsis sib xws lossis puas tsuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam kev nyab xeeb lossis kev puas tsuaj rau EV lub chaw them nyiaj.

Tswj Board

Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib Xyuas yog lub hlwb ntawm lub chaw them nyiaj. Nws tswj cov txheej txheem them nyiaj thiab ua kom lub roj teeb EV muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tau tsim tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov chaw them nqi. Nws feem ntau muaj xws li microcontroller, voltage thiab tam sim no sensors, relays, thiab lwm yam khoom.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm pawg tswj hwm

Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib tau ua ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb uas ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo. Qee qhov haujlwm no suav nrog:

Tswj kev them nqi tam sim no thiab voltage:Nws tswj cov tam sim no thiab voltage muab rau EV roj teeb raws li nws lub xeev them, kub, roj teeb muaj peev xwm, thiab lwm yam. Thiab nws xyuas kom them lub roj teeb zoo kom ua kom nws lub neej zoo tshaj plaws thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj.

Kev sib txuas lus nrog EV:Pawg tswj hwm sib txuas lus nrog EV lub khoos phis tawj onboard los pauv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub roj teeb lub xeev, tus nqi them, thiab lwm yam tsis muaj. Qhov kev sib txuas lus no tso cai rau lub chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem them nyiaj rau cov qauv EV tshwj xeeb.

Saib xyuas cov txheej txheem them nyiaj:Nws tas li saib xyuas cov txheej txheem them nqi, suav nrog qhov voltage, tam sim no, thiab kub ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb thiab chaw nres tsheb them. Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib kuj tseem pom muaj qhov txawv txav hauv lub tsheb hluav taws xob them chaw nres tsheb cov txheej txheem saum toj kawg nkaus. Nws yuav siv sij hawm tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, xws li nres lub them lossis txo qhov tam sim no.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tau zoo rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau

Lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob them chaw nres tsheb nws tus kheej. Nws ua kom ntseeg tau tias EV roj teeb tau them zoo tshaj plaws thiab tiv thaiv kev tshaj tawm lossis qis dua, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub roj teeb puas. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub rooj tsavxwm tswj tsis zoo rau cov chaw them nqi tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev them nyiaj, roj teeb puas, lossis txawm tias muaj kev nyab xeeb xws li hluav taws kub lossis hluav taws xob poob siab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv lub chaw nres tsheb them nrog lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tau zoo thiab ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo.

Tus neeg siv interface

Tus neeg siv interface yog ib feem ntawm qhov chaw them nqi uas tus neeg siv cuam tshuam nrog. Nws feem ntau suav nrog lub vijtsam, cov nyees khawm, lossis lwm yam khoom siv nkag uas tso cai rau tus neeg siv nkag cov ntaub ntawv thiab tswj cov txheej txheem them nyiaj. Lub chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj tuaj yeem ua ke lossis txuas tus neeg siv interface rau ib qho khoom siv cais.

Hom neeg siv interfaces

EV chaw nres tsheb them nyiaj siv ntau hom kev siv interfaces. Qee qhov feem ntau muaj xws li:

Touchscreen:Lub touchscreen interface tso cai rau tus neeg siv los tswj cov txheej txheem them nyiaj los ntawm tapping ntawm lub vijtsam. Nws tuaj yeem tso saib ntau yam ntaub ntawv hais txog tus txheej txheem them, xws li kev them nqi, lub sijhawm tshuav, thiab tus nqi.

Mobile app:Lub mobile app interface tso cai rau cov neeg siv los tswj cov txheej txheem them nyiaj siv smartphone lossis ntsiav tshuaj. Lub app tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog lub sijhawm them nyiaj, ua rau cov neeg siv pib, nres, lossis teem sijhawm them tus nqi nyob deb.

RFID daim npav nyeem ntawv:RFID daim npav nyeem ntawv interface tso cai rau cov neeg siv los pib lub sijhawm them nyiaj los ntawm swiping daim npav RFID lossis fob. Lub chaw them nyiaj lees paub tus neeg siv daim npav thiab pib cov txheej txheem them nyiaj.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg siv-phooj ywg interface kom yooj yim siv

Tus neeg siv-phooj ywg interface yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab kev them nyiaj zoo. Ib tug zoo-tsim interface yuav tsum intuitive, yooj yim rau kev taw qhia, thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv meej thiab meej txog cov txheej txheem them. Nws tseem yuav tsum nkag mus rau txhua tus neeg siv, suav nrog cov neeg xiam oob qhab lossis tsis muaj kev txav mus los. Thiab tus neeg siv-phooj ywg interface kuj tuaj yeem pab txo cov neeg siv tsis raug thiab tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, lub pob nres ceev ceev thiab tseem ceeb tuaj yeem tso cai rau tus neeg siv kom nres cov txheej txheem them nyiaj thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Xaus

Hauv kev xaus, EV chargers yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho EV ntau yam thiab kev them nyiaj rau nws tus kheej, thiab kev nkag siab txog lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv lub charger tsim nyog. Lub hwj chim mov, them cable, txuas, tswj pawg tswj hwm, thiab cov neeg siv interface yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm EV chargers, txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem them nyiaj. Xaiv cov chargers nrog cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Raws li qhov kev thov rau EVs thiab chaw them nyiaj loj hlob, kev nkag siab txog cov khoom no yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tswv thiab cov lag luam.