Menene Haɗin NACS don tashar cajin Tesla?

Menene Haɗin NACS don tashar cajin Tesla?

A cikin Yuni 2023, Ford da GM sun ba da sanarwar cewa za su canza daga Tsarin Cajin Haɗaɗɗen (CCS) zuwa masu haɗin Tesla na Arewacin Amurka na Cajin (NACS) don EVs na gaba. Kasa da wata guda daga baya Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, da Volvo kuma sun sanar da cewa za su goyi bayan ma'aunin NACS na motocin su na Amurka a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Canjawar zuwa NACS daga CCS da alama ya rikitar da yanayin cajin abin hawan lantarki (EV), amma babbar dama ce ga masu kera caja da masu aiki da caji (CPOs). Tare da NACS, CPOs za su iya cajin fiye da miliyan 1.3 Tesla EVs akan hanya a Amurka.

Menene NACS?
NACS shine madaidaicin caji mai sauri na Tesla na baya (DC) - wanda aka fi sani da suna "Tesla caja connector." An yi amfani da shi tare da motocin Tesla tun 2012 kuma ƙirar haɗin haɗin ya zama samuwa ga wasu masana'antun a cikin 2022. An tsara shi don gine-ginen baturi na 400-volt na Tesla kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da sauran masu haɗin cajin gaggawa na DC. Ana amfani da mahaɗin NACS tare da manyan caja na Tesla, waɗanda a halin yanzu suna caji akan adadin har zuwa 250kW.

Menene Tesla Magic Dock?
Dokin Magic Dock shine gefen caja na Tesla NACS zuwa adaftar CCS1. Kimanin kashi 10 na caja na Tesla a Amurka suna sanye da Magic Dock, wanda ke ba masu amfani damar zaɓar adaftar CCS1 lokacin caji. Direbobin EV suna buƙatar amfani da ƙa'idar Tesla akan wayoyinsu don cajin EVs tare da caja na Tesla, koda lokacin amfani da adaftar Magic Dock CCS1. Anan ga bidiyon Magic Dock yana aiki.

Menene CCS1/2?
An ƙirƙiri ma'aunin CCS (Haɗin Cajin Tsarin) a cikin 2011 azaman haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu kera motoci na Amurka da Jamus. CharIn, ƙungiyar masu kera motoci da masu kaya ne ke kula da ƙa'idar. CCS yana ƙunshe da masu haɗawa na yanzu (AC) da DC. GM ita ce ƙera mota ta farko da ta yi amfani da CCS akan abin hawan samarwa—Chevy Spark na 2014. A Amurka, ana kiran mai haɗin CCS da “CCS1.”

CCS2 ma CharIn ne ya ƙirƙira shi, amma ana amfani da shi da farko a Turai. Ya fi girma da siffa fiye da CCS1 don ɗaukar grid na wutar lantarki na Turai mai hawa uku. Wuraren wutar lantarki na AC mai hawa uku suna ɗaukar ƙarin iko fiye da grid ɗin lokaci-ɗaya gama gari a Amurka, amma suna amfani da wayoyi uku ko huɗu maimakon biyu.

Dukansu CCS1 da CCS2 an ƙera su ne don yin aiki tare da ultrafast 800v baturi gine-gine da cajin sauri har zuwa 350kW.

Me game da CHAdeMO?
CHAdeMO wani ma'aunin caji ne, wanda ƙungiyar CHAdeMo ta haɓaka a cikin 2010, haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Kamfanin Lantarki na Tokyo da manyan masu kera motoci na Japan guda biyar. Sunan taƙaice ne na "CHArge de MOve" (wanda ƙungiyar ta fassara a matsayin "cajin motsi") kuma an samo shi daga kalmar Jafananci "o CHA deMO ikaga desuka," wanda ke fassara zuwa "Yaya game da kofin shayi?" dangane da lokacin da za a yi cajin mota. CHAdeMO yawanci yana iyakance zuwa 50kW, duk da haka wasu tsarin caji suna da ikon 125kW.

Leaf Nissan shine EV mafi yawan kayan aikin CHAdeMO a cikin Amurka. Duk da haka, a cikin 2020, Nissan ya sanar da cewa zai matsa zuwa CCS don sabon Ariya crossover SUV kuma zai dakatar da Leaf wani lokaci a kusa da 2026. Har yanzu akwai dubban Leaf EVs a kan hanya kuma yawancin caja masu sauri na DC za su ci gaba da riƙe masu haɗin CHAdeMO.

Menene ma'anar duka?
Masu kera motoci da ke zabar NACS za su yi babban tasiri kan masana'antar cajin EV a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A cewar Ma'aikatar Makamashi Madadin Madadin Fuels na Amurka, akwai kusan wuraren cajin Tesla 1,800 a cikin Amurka idan aka kwatanta da kusan wuraren caji 5,200 CCS1. Amma akwai kusan tashoshin cajin Tesla guda 20,000 idan aka kwatanta da kusan tashar jiragen ruwa 10,000 CCS1.

Idan masu aiki da caji suna son bayar da caji don sababbin Ford da GM EVs, za su buƙaci su canza wasu masu haɗin cajar su CCS1 zuwa NACS. Caja masu sauri na DC kamar Tritium's PKM150 za su iya ɗaukar masu haɗin NACS nan gaba kaɗan.

Wasu jihohin Amurka, kamar Texas da Washington, sun ba da shawarar buƙatar Tashoshin Cajin Motocin Wutar Lantarki (NEVI) don haɗa masu haɗin NACS da yawa. Tsarin caji mai sauri na NEVI na iya ɗaukar masu haɗin NACS. Yana da caja PKM150 guda huɗu, masu iya isar da 150kW zuwa EV guda huɗu a lokaci guda. Nan gaba kadan, za a yi yuwuwa a ba kowane cajar PKM150 ɗin mu tare da mahaɗin CCS1 ɗaya da mai haɗin NACS ɗaya.

Don ƙarin koyo game da cajar mu da yadda za su iya aiki tare da masu haɗin NACS, tuntuɓi ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun mu a yau.

Damar NACS
Idan masu aiki da caji suna son bayar da caji don Ford, GM, Mercedes-Benz, Polestar, Rivian, Volvo, da yuwuwar sauran EVs sanye take da masu haɗin NACS, za su buƙaci sabunta cajar su. Dangane da tsarin caja, ƙara mai haɗin NACS zai iya zama mai sauƙi kamar maye gurbin kebul da sabunta software na caja. Kuma idan sun ƙara NACS, za su iya cajin kusan miliyan 1.3 Tesla EVs akan hanya.